Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that have existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be able to adapt. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions, many species became extinct at the same time- a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinction can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, affecting even organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intensive every 26 million years. This periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the Earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of evolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as resulting from rapid ecological change?

A. Availability of food sources

B. Temperature changes

C. Introduction of new species

D. Competition among species

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Giải bởi Vietjack

Lời giải:

1. Thông tin: For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapt. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ….

Đáp án: C

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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1

Andrew told me that they _ fish two _ days.

A. have not eaten / ago

B. had eaten / previous

C. did not eat / before

D. would not eat / last

Lời giải

Đáp án: B

Giải thích:

Kiến thức: Câu gián tiếp

Động từ “told” ở thì quá khứ đơn, nên loại A.

Ở vị trí thứ 2, ta có “ago”, “before” đều không thể đứng trước danh từ “days”, loại A và C.

Dựa vào nghĩa, loại D.

Vậy phần gián tiếp là lùi từ thì quá khứ đơn về quá khứ hoàn thành.

Dịch: Andrew kể với tôi rằng họ đã ăn cá hai ngày trước đó.

Câu 2

I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.

A. Only after I had realized what I had missed did they tell me about it later.

B. As soon as they told me about it I realized what I had missed.

C. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed.

D. They told me about it and I realized what I had missed.

Lời giải

Lời giải:

Đáp án: C

Dịch: Tôi chỉ nhận ra những gì tôi đã bỏ lỡ khi họ nói với tôi về nó sau này.

A. Only after I had realized what I had missed did they tell me about it later. → Chỉ sau khi tôi nhận ra những gì tôi đã bỏ lỡ, họ mới nói với tôi về điều đó, sai nghĩa.

B. As soon as they told me about it I realized what I had missed. → Ngay sau khi họ nói với tôi về điều đó, tôi nhận ra những gì tôi đã bỏ lỡ, sai nghĩa.

C. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed. → Chỉ khi họ nói với tôi về điều đó sau đó, tôi mới nhận ra những gì tôi đã bỏ lỡ, đúng nghĩa.

D. They told me about it and I realized what I had missed. → Họ nói với tôi về điều đó và tôi nhận ra những gì tôi đã bỏ lỡ, sai nghĩa.

Câu 3