Câu hỏi:
12/07/2024 821
Part 3: Read the text and do the following tasks.
Climate change and the Inuit
Section A
Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic, it is already having dramatic effects - if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-on effects are likely to include more warming, cloudier skies, increased precipitation, and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what's going on because they consider the Arctic the ‘canary in the mine’ for global warming - a warning of what's in store for the rest of the world.
Section B
For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in a precarious balance with one of the toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threat to their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is why they are not content simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them what's happening. In Canada, where the Inuit people are jealously guarding their hard-won autonomy in the country's newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science. This is a challenge in itself.
Section C
The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that's covered with snow for most of the year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meagre pickings. Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, and sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery, and iron tools. They are the ancestors of today's Inuit people.
Section D
Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. It's currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory's 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people, state benefits are their only income.
Section E
While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate change, there has certainly been an impact on people's health. Obesity, heart disease, and diabetes are beginning to appear in people for whom these have never before been problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping, and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut's ‘igloo and email’ society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have been out on the land, there's a high incidence of depression.
Section F
With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as ‘Inuit Qaujimajatugangit’, or IQ. ‘In the early days, scientists ignored us when they came up here to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so we won't ask them,’ says John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician. ‘But in recent years IQ has had much more credibility and weight.’ In fact, it is now a requirement for anyone hoping to get permission to do research that they consult the communities, who are helping to set the research agenda to reflect their most important concerns. They can turn down applications from scientists they believe will work against their interests, or research projects that will impinge too much on their daily lives and traditional activities.
Section G
Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of the Arctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather stations in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps in our environmental knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught, many predictions are no more than best guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and resolve the tremendous uncertainty about how much of what we're seeing is natural capriciousness and how much is the consequence of human activity.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of the heading below. Write the correct number i-ix for questions 81-86.
Paragraph A has been done as an example.
List of Headings
i. The reaction of the Inuit community to climate change
ii. Understanding of climate change remains limited
iii. Alternative sources of essential supplies
iv. Respect for Inuit opinion grows
v. A healthier choice of food
vi. A difficult landscape
vii. Negative effects on well-being
viii. Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arctic
ix. The benefits of an easier existence
Understanding of climate change remains limited
Part 3: Read the text and do the following tasks.
Climate change and the Inuit
Section A
Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic, it is already having dramatic effects - if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-on effects are likely to include more warming, cloudier skies, increased precipitation, and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what's going on because they consider the Arctic the ‘canary in the mine’ for global warming - a warning of what's in store for the rest of the world.
Section B
For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in a precarious balance with one of the toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threat to their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is why they are not content simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them what's happening. In Canada, where the Inuit people are jealously guarding their hard-won autonomy in the country's newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science. This is a challenge in itself.
Section C
The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that's covered with snow for most of the year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meagre pickings. Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, and sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery, and iron tools. They are the ancestors of today's Inuit people.
Section D
Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. It's currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory's 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people, state benefits are their only income.
Section E
While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate change, there has certainly been an impact on people's health. Obesity, heart disease, and diabetes are beginning to appear in people for whom these have never before been problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping, and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut's ‘igloo and email’ society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have been out on the land, there's a high incidence of depression.
Section F
With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as ‘Inuit Qaujimajatugangit’, or IQ. ‘In the early days, scientists ignored us when they came up here to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so we won't ask them,’ says John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician. ‘But in recent years IQ has had much more credibility and weight.’ In fact, it is now a requirement for anyone hoping to get permission to do research that they consult the communities, who are helping to set the research agenda to reflect their most important concerns. They can turn down applications from scientists they believe will work against their interests, or research projects that will impinge too much on their daily lives and traditional activities.
Section G
Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of the Arctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather stations in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps in our environmental knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught, many predictions are no more than best guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and resolve the tremendous uncertainty about how much of what we're seeing is natural capriciousness and how much is the consequence of human activity.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of the heading below. Write the correct number i-ix for questions 81-86.
Paragraph A has been done as an example.
List of Headings
i. The reaction of the Inuit community to climate change
ii. Understanding of climate change remains limited
iii. Alternative sources of essential supplies
iv. Respect for Inuit opinion grows
v. A healthier choice of food
vi. A difficult landscape
vii. Negative effects on well-being
viii. Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arctic
ix. The benefits of an easier existence
Understanding of climate change remains limited
Quảng cáo
Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án đúng là: vi. A difficult landscape
Giải thích: Đề mục này mô tả chủ đề chính của đoạn C, đó là địa hình khắc nghiệt và đầy thử thách của vùng Bắc Cực thuộc Canada nơi người Inuit sinh sống.
Dịch: Một cảnh quan khó khăn
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
Alternative sources of essential supplies
Alternative sources of essential supplies
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: iii. Alternative sources of essential supplies.
Giải thích: Tiêu đề này nắm bắt điểm chính của đoạn D, đó là chi phí cao và khó khăn để có được thực phẩm và các nguồn cung cấp khác từ các nguồn bên ngoài cho người Inuit.
Dịch: Các nguồn cung cấp thiết yếu thay thế.
Câu 3:
Respect for Inuit opinion grows
Respect for Inuit opinion grows
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: vii. Negative effects on well-being.
Giải thích: Đề mục này phản ánh chủ đề chính của đoạn E, đó là tác động của biến đổi khí hậu và biến đổi văn hóa đối với sức khỏe và bản sắc của người Inuit.
Dịch: Ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến hạnh phúc.
Câu 4:
A healthier choice of food
A healthier choice of food
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: iv. Respect for Inuit opinion grows.
Giải thích: Tiêu đề này truyền tải thông điệp chính của đoạn F, đó là cách người Inuit ngày càng được công nhận và có ảnh hưởng hơn trong chương trình nghiên cứu về biến đổi khí hậu ở Bắc Cực.
Dịch: Tôn trọng ý kiến của người Inuit ngày càng tăng.
Câu 5:
A difficult landscape
A difficult landscape
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: ii. Understanding of climate change remains limited.
Giải thích: Tiêu đề này thể hiện lập luận chính của đoạn G, đó là cách kiến thức truyền thống có thể giúp lấp đầy những khoảng trống và sự không chắc chắn trong kiến thức khoa học về biến đổi khí hậu ở Bắc Cực.
Dịch: Hiểu biết về biến đổi khí hậu còn hạn chế.
Hot: 500+ Đề thi vào 10 file word các Sở Hà Nội, TP Hồ Chí Minh có đáp án 2025 (chỉ từ 100k). Tải ngay
Sách thầy cô Vietjack biên soạn:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Lời giải
Đáp án đúng là: B
Giải thích: Tính từ "definite" có nghĩa là rõ ràng, chắc chắn hoặc cố định và nó phù hợp với ngữ cảnh của câu, tương phản giữa ưu và nhược điểm của việc học trực tuyến.
Dịch: Điều quan trọng là phải nhận ra rằng học trực tuyến có những ưu điểm và nhược điểm nhất định
Lời giải
Đáp án đúng là: engineers
Giải thích: engineers như một manh mối mà chúng ta cần một từ có liên quan đến phát triển hoặc lập trình phần mềm
Dịch: Năm 2005, Chad Hurley và Steve Chen, hai kỹ sư phần mềm đến từ Thung lũng Silicon ở California, được mời dự tiệc tối.
Lời giải
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Lời giải
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Lời giải
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Lời giải
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Lời giải
Bạn cần đăng ký gói VIP ( giá chỉ từ 199K ) để làm bài, xem đáp án và lời giải chi tiết không giới hạn.
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