Câu hỏi:
25/10/2023 549
The human criterionfor perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimetre in its retina. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well both in the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eyes, consisting mostly of cones that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other foveae joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog’s vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant moving picture. Known as “bug detectors”, a highly developed set of cells in a frog’s eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn’t see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee’s eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision” paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can’t – ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision” is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy pleasures of colour vision.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
The human criterionfor perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimetre in its retina. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well both in the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eyes, consisting mostly of cones that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other foveae joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog’s vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant moving picture. Known as “bug detectors”, a highly developed set of cells in a frog’s eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn’t see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee’s eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision” paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can’t – ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision” is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy pleasures of colour vision.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án D
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về điều gì?
A. Những giới hạn của mắt con người
B. Tầm nhìn hoàn hảo
C. Những con mắt khác nhau cho những cách dùng khác nhau
D. Sự khác nhau về mắt trong những loài khác nhau
Dẫn chứng:
- But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as
far as other species are concerned.
- The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk.
- The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation.
- Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.
ð Đáp án D (Đoạn văn nói về mắt của những loài khác nhau )
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
The phrase “without a hitch” is closet in meaning to __________.
The phrase “without a hitch” is closet in meaning to __________.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
- without a hitch : mọi việc trôi chảy, không có gì vướng mắc
- unaided: không được giúp đỡ
- without glasses: không có kính
- without little hesitation: không có sự do dự
- easily: dễ dàng
Câu 3:
According to the passage, why might birds and animals consider humans very visually handicapped?
According to the passage, why might birds and animals consider humans very visually handicapped?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
Theo bài đọc, tại sao loài chim và động vật xem loài người có mắt bị tật?
A. Con người không thể nhìn rõ trong không khí hoặc trong nước
B. Mắt con người không thích hợp với nhu cầu của chúng ta
C. Khía cạnh nổi bật chính của mắt con người là nhìn màu sắc
D. Mắt con người không thể làm những gì mắt của chúng có thể làm
Dẫn chứng: “The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retinA. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae …”
Câu 4:
The word “that” in line 9 refers to _________.
The word “that” in line 9 refers to _________.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
“And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can
see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae - areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions”
=> “that” = foveae
Câu 5:
According to the passage, “bug detectors” are useful for _______.
According to the passage, “bug detectors” are useful for _______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Theo bài đọc, “bug detectors” hữu ích cho
A. nghề hàng hải
B. nhìn vật thể chuyển động
C. tránh những con rệp lấy thức ăn
D. tránh sự chết đói.
Dẫn chứng: “Known as “bug detectors”, a highly developed set of cells in a frog’s eyes responds mainly to moving objects.”
Câu 6:
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc, cái nào sau dây không ĐÚNG?
A. Chim bói cả nhìn một mắt
B. Ong nhìn thấy những những mô hình chấm
C. Mắt diếu hâu gồm chủ yếu hình nón mà có thể cho phép nó nhìn lướt với một mắt tại một thời điểm
D. Con người thì nhìn xa được trong nước
A. đúng (while the kingfisher... This is called monocular vision.)
B. đúng (The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic)
D. đúng (And in water, humans are farsighted)
C. sai (while the kingfisher... consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions...)
Câu 7:
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Câu nào sau có thể được suy ra từ bài đọc?
A. Những con mắt đã phát triển khác nhau trong mỗi loài
B. Những con ong có mắt phức tạp nhất
C. Con người không nên thèm muốn những gì họ không cần đến
D. Tầm nhìn hoàn hảo thì không hoàn hảo
VOCABULARY
|
- Criterion /krai'tiəriən/ (n): tiêu chí - Standard /'stæn.dəd/ (n): tiêu chuẩn - Determine /di'tɜ:.min/ (v): xác định, quyết định - Perfection /pə'fek∫ən/ (n): sự hoàn hảo - Handicapped /'hændikæpt/ (adj): tàn tật - Visual /'viʒʊəl/ (adj): (thuộc) thị giác - Cone /kəʊn/ (n): hình nón - Retina /'retinə/ (n): võng mạc (mắt) - Farsighted /ˈfɑrˌsaɪtid/ (adj): viễn thị - Endow /in'daʊ/ (v): ban tặng, thừa hưởng - Kingfisher /'kiηfi∫ər/ (n): chim bói cá - Hawk /hɔ:k/ (n): diều hâu, chim ưng |
- Foveae /'fəʊviə/ (n): hố thị giác - Distinction /di'stiηk∫ən/ (n): sự phân biệt - Vision /'viʒən/ (n): sự nhìn - Prey /prei/ (n): con mồi - Navigation /nævi'gei∫ən/an/ (n): định vị; nghề hàng hải - Superb /su:'pɜ:b/ (adj): tuyệt vời - Gauge /geidʒ/ (v): đo - Instrument /'instrʊmənt/ (n): dụng cụ - Ultraviolet /ʌltrə'vaiələt/ (adj): cực tím, tử ngoại - Mammal /'mæməl/ (n): động vật có vú - Primate /'praimeit/ (n): động vật linh trưởng |
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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