* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

     In addition to improved physical health, sport plays a primarily positive role in youth development, including improved academic achievement, higher self- esteem, fewer behavioural problems, and better psychosocial development. Many studies focus on the effects of sport on the five “C’ s” - competence, confidence, connections, character, and caring The many facets of playing sport - the discipline of training, learning teamwork, following the leadership of coaches and captains, learning to lose - provide lifelong skills for athletes.

      The literature on youth sport stresses the positive effects of participation in learning the important life skills of goal setting and time management combined with enjoyment; the development of a strong sense of morality; and the development of an appreciation of diversity. Studies have shown that children and youth participating in sport, when compared to peers who do not play sport, exhibit higher grades, expectations, and attainment; greater personal confidence and self-esteem; greater connections with school — that is, greater attachment and support from adults; stronger peer relationships; more academically oriented friends; greater family attachment and more frequent interactions with parents; more restraint in avoiding risky behaviour; and greater involvement in volunteer work.

      Sport provides opportunities for children and youth to engage in valuable and positive relationships with adults. Thus, it is a missed opportunity for children who are “gated” - or not included in sport - during early stages of childhood because they are less well behaved than other children. These children are being prevented from participating in the very thing that could help them learn to control and regulate their behaviour. Sport provides an opportunity for children to safely navigate and negotiate between right and wrong as they learn to interact with peers and adults. Research by Taliaferro et al. suggests that playing sport can even protect against suicide risk in youth. Compared to nonathletes, male athletes exhibit lower levels of hopelessness and suicidal ideation. Young males involved in multiple sports seem to gamer even more protection in this regard. Similar results were found for girls. Research on the role of exercise in adults confirms that it improves mood and alleviates many forms of depression. Bartko and Eccles found that youth who are highly involved in sport are more “psychologically resilient,” that is, better able to recover from problems. Eccles et al. found that sport participation protects young athletes against social isolation.

(Adaptedfrom: Sport is a way of life, Sun Star Baguio, Jan 10, 2017)

According to the passage what is NOT increased by playing sports?

THANKS A MILLION

Percy Ross was bom in 1916 in Michigan. His parents has come to the USA from Latvia and Russia and the family were poor. But Percy soon showed a talent (31)_________ business and made a (32)_______in the fur trade and auction business. Then disaster struck and he lost all his money. But he soon made a fortune again - this time by manufacturing plastic bags. In 1969, he sold his plastic bag company for millions of dollars.

     Ross started giving away in 1977: he gave $50,000 to 50 Vietnamese refugees so that they could make a new home in the USA. (33) ________ he held a Christmas party tor 1,050 poor children in the American town of Minneapolis. Ross bought a bike for every one of the 1,050 children at the party.

   After these first experiences of giving money away, Ross decided to do it on a (34)________basis. He started a newspaper column called “Thanks a Million”, and later a radio show, in order to (35)_________his money. It took years, but Ross finally succeeded in giving away his entire fortune.

(Source: Solutions - Intermediate)

Điền vào ô 31

THANKS A MILLION

Percy Ross was bom in 1916 in Michigan. His parents has come to the USA from Latvia and Russia and the family were poor. But Percy soon showed a talent (31)_________ business and made a (32)_______in the fur trade and auction business. Then disaster struck and he lost all his money. But he soon made a fortune again - this time by manufacturing plastic bags. In 1969, he sold his plastic bag company for millions of dollars.

     Ross started giving away in 1977: he gave $50,000 to 50 Vietnamese refugees so that they could make a new home in the USA. (33) ________ he held a Christmas party tor 1,050 poor children in the American town of Minneapolis. Ross bought a bike for every one of the 1,050 children at the party.

   After these first experiences of giving money away, Ross decided to do it on a (34)________basis. He started a newspaper column called “Thanks a Million”, and later a radio show, in order to (35)_________his money. It took years, but Ross finally succeeded in giving away his entire fortune.

(Source: Solutions - Intermediate)

Điền vào ô 33

THANKS A MILLION

    Percy Ross was bom in 1916 in Michigan. His parents has come to the USA from Latvia and Russia and the family were poor. But Percy soon showed a talent (31)_________ business and made a (32)_______in the fur trade and auction business. Then disaster struck and he lost all his money. But he soon made a fortune again - this time by manufacturing plastic bags. In 1969, he sold his plastic bag company for millions of dollars.

     Ross started giving away in 1977: he gave $50,000 to 50 Vietnamese refugees so that they could make a new home in the USA. (33) ________ he held a Christmas party tor 1,050 poor children in the American town of Minneapolis. Ross bought a bike for every one of the 1,050 children at the party.

   After these first experiences of giving money away, Ross decided to do it on a (34)________basis. He started a newspaper column called “Thanks a Million”, and later a radio show, in order to (35)_________his money. It took years, but Ross finally succeeded in giving away his entire fortune.

(Source: Solutions - Intermediate)

Điền vào ô 32

THANKS A MILLION

    Percy Ross was bom in 1916 in Michigan. His parents has come to the USA from Latvia and Russia and the family were poor. But Percy soon showed a talent (31)_________ business and made a (32)_______in the fur trade and auction business. Then disaster struck and he lost all his money. But he soon made a fortune again - this time by manufacturing plastic bags. In 1969, he sold his plastic bag company for millions of dollars.

     Ross started giving away in 1977: he gave $50,000 to 50 Vietnamese refugees so that they could make a new home in the USA. (33) ________ he held a Christmas party tor 1,050 poor children in the American town of Minneapolis. Ross bought a bike for every one of the 1,050 children at the party.

   After these first experiences of giving money away, Ross decided to do it on a (34)________basis. He started a newspaper column called “Thanks a Million”, and later a radio show, in order to (35)_________his money. It took years, but Ross finally succeeded in giving away his entire fortune.

(Source: Solutions - Intermediate)

Điền vào ô 35

THANKS A MILLION

    Percy Ross was bom in 1916 in Michigan. His parents has come to the USA from Latvia and Russia and the family were poor. But Percy soon showed a talent (31)_________ business and made a (32)_______in the fur trade and auction business. Then disaster struck and he lost all his money. But he soon made a fortune again - this time by manufacturing plastic bags. In 1969, he sold his plastic bag company for millions of dollars.

     Ross started giving away in 1977: he gave $50,000 to 50 Vietnamese refugees so that they could make a new home in the USA. (33) ________ he held a Christmas party tor 1,050 poor children in the American town of Minneapolis. Ross bought a bike for every one of the 1,050 children at the party.

   After these first experiences of giving money away, Ross decided to do it on a (34)________basis. He started a newspaper column called “Thanks a Million”, and later a radio show, in order to (35)_________his money. It took years, but Ross finally succeeded in giving away his entire fortune.

(Source: Solutions - Intermediate)

Điền vào ô 34

“What happened to the plane?” “It had hardly touched down__________it burst into flames.”

* Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following question.

You must drive it home to him that spending too much time playing computer games will do him no good.