Câu hỏi:

29/08/2021 1,662

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42

It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.

 How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.

 Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.

 But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.

 The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.

The word “that" in paragraph 4 refers to __________

Đáp án chính xác

Sách mới 2k7: Bộ 20 đề minh họa Toán, Lí, Hóa, Văn, Sử, Địa…. form chuẩn 2025 của Bộ giáo dục (chỉ từ 49k/cuốn).

Đề toán-lý-hóa Đề văn-sử-địa Tiếng anh & các môn khác

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Trả lời:

verified
Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án D

Phương pháp giải:

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu – từ thay thế

Giải chi tiết:

Từ “that” trong đoạn 4 đê cập đến _________.

A. mở rộng đô thị

B. chênh lệch kinh tế - xã hội

C. bệnh

D. điều kiện mất vệ sinh

Thông tin: Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.

Tạm dịch: Các ước tính cho thấy 40% sự mở rộng đô thị trên thế giới đang diễn ra trong các khu ổ chuột, làm trầm trọng thêm sự chênh lệch kinh tế xã hội và tạo điều kiện mất vệ sinh cái mà tạo điều kiện cho dịch bệnh lây lan

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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

Children brought up in a caring environment tend to grow more sympathetic towards others

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Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

She began to play the piano three years ago

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Câu 3:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

He was (A) so (B) exhausted that he (C) felt asleep (D) at his desk

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Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

When the boss walked into the office, his secretary _______

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Câu 5:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

It’s quite disappointing that some people still turn a blind eye to acts of injustice they witness in the street

Xem đáp án » 29/08/2021 63,569

Câu 6:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the un­derlined word(s) in each of the following questions

The new college is intended to improve the life chances of children in the inner city

Xem đáp án » 29/08/2021 57,862

Câu 7:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the fol­lowing exchanges

- Baker: “In my opinion, women often drive more carefully than men.”

- Barbara: “______.”

Xem đáp án » 29/08/2021 55,311