Câu hỏi:
16/04/2022 3,116
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Psychologists who study information processing have identified and described several memory structures that clarify how our memory works. They include the sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Each structure varies as to how much information it can hold and for how long.
A description of how human process information typically begins with environmental stimuli. Our sense receptors are constantly stimulated by visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli. These experiences are initially recorded in the sensory register, so named because information is thought to be encoded there in the same form in which it was perceived. The purpose of the sensory register is to hold information one to three seconds. Information not recognized or otherwise selected by us disappears from the system. The sensory register can hold about twelve items of information at a time. Typists make extensive use of the sensory register in order to remember words just long enough to get them typed. If no further processing takes place, a typist’s ability to recall that information later is minimal. Similarly, most of us have had the experience of reading an entire page of text, only to discover when we got to the bottom of the page, we couldn’t say anything about it except that we had indeed “read” every word.
Once information has been recognized as meaningful, it is sent to short-term memory. In this case, short-term is approximately 20 seconds, while this may seem surprising, it can be easily demonstrated. If you were asked to dial an unfamiliar phone number, received a busy signal, and were then distracted by something or someone else for 15 to 20 seconds, chances are you would have forgotten the number at that point. Short-term memory is often referred to as “working” memory.
Most cognitive psychologists believe that the storage capacity of long-term memory is unlimited and contains a permanent record of everything an individual has learned and experienced. Information is encoded there to enhance its meaningfulness and organization so that it can be easily retrieved when necessary.
What is the purpose of the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Psychologists who study information processing have identified and described several memory structures that clarify how our memory works. They include the sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Each structure varies as to how much information it can hold and for how long.
A description of how human process information typically begins with environmental stimuli. Our sense receptors are constantly stimulated by visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli. These experiences are initially recorded in the sensory register, so named because information is thought to be encoded there in the same form in which it was perceived. The purpose of the sensory register is to hold information one to three seconds. Information not recognized or otherwise selected by us disappears from the system. The sensory register can hold about twelve items of information at a time. Typists make extensive use of the sensory register in order to remember words just long enough to get them typed. If no further processing takes place, a typist’s ability to recall that information later is minimal. Similarly, most of us have had the experience of reading an entire page of text, only to discover when we got to the bottom of the page, we couldn’t say anything about it except that we had indeed “read” every word.
Once information has been recognized as meaningful, it is sent to short-term memory. In this case, short-term is approximately 20 seconds, while this may seem surprising, it can be easily demonstrated. If you were asked to dial an unfamiliar phone number, received a busy signal, and were then distracted by something or someone else for 15 to 20 seconds, chances are you would have forgotten the number at that point. Short-term memory is often referred to as “working” memory.
Most cognitive psychologists believe that the storage capacity of long-term memory is unlimited and contains a permanent record of everything an individual has learned and experienced. Information is encoded there to enhance its meaningfulness and organization so that it can be easily retrieved when necessary.
What is the purpose of the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Câu hỏi: Mục đích của văn bản là gì?
A. Giải thích quy trình trí nhớ của chúng ta xử lý thông tin
B. Miêu tả bộ phận tiếp nhận thông tin
C. Giải thích tại sao đôi khi chúng ta quên thông tin
D. So sánh trí nhớ ngắn hạn và trí nhớ dài hạn
Chúng ta thấy ngay trong câu đầu tiên, văn bản đã đề cập đến mục đích:
Psychologists who study information processing have identified and described several memory structures that clarify how our memory works.
Tạm dịch: Các nhà tâm lý học nghiên cứu về quá trình xử lý thông tin đã xác định và mô tả nhiều cấu trúc ghi nhớ cái mà giúp làm rõ trí nhớ của chúng ta hoạt động như thế nào. Như vậy ta có thể suy ra đáp án A. Các phương án còn lại chỉ là một ý nhỏ trong văn bản.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Mark the letter A, B, Cor D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Her explanation was clear. I didn’t understand it.
Mark the letter A, B, Cor D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Her explanation was clear. I didn’t understand it.
Xem đáp án »
16/04/2022
3,599
Câu 2:
The fire began in the tenth floor of the block of flat, but it soon spread to other floors.
Xem đáp án »
16/04/2022
3,322
Câu 5:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Harvard University, today recognized as part of the top echelon of the worlds universities, came from very inauspicious and humble beginning.
This oldest of American universities was founded in 1636, just sixteen years after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts colony during this period were more than 100 graduates of England's prestigious Oxford and Cambridge universities, and these universities graduates in the New World were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had. Because of this support in the colony for an institution of higher learning, the General Court of Massachusetts appropriated 400 pounds for a college in October of 1636 and early the following year decided on a parcel of land for the school; this land was in an area called Newetowne, which was later renamed Cambridge after its English cousin and is the site of the present-day university.
When a young minister named John Harvard, who came from the neighboring town of Charlestown, died from tuberculosis in 1638, he willed half of his estate of 1,700 pounds to the fledgling college. In spite of the fact that only half of the bequest was actually paid, the General Court named the college after the minister in appreciation for what he had done. The amount of the bequest may not have been large, particularly by today's standard, but it was more than the General Court had found it necessary to appropriate in order to open the college.
Henry Dunster was appointed the first president of Harvard in 1640, and it should be noted that in addition to serving as president, he was also the entire faculty, with an entering freshmen class of four students. Although the staff did expand somewhat, for the first century of its existence the entire teaching staff consisted of the president and three or four tutors.
What is the main idea of the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Harvard University, today recognized as part of the top echelon of the worlds universities, came from very inauspicious and humble beginning.
This oldest of American universities was founded in 1636, just sixteen years after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts colony during this period were more than 100 graduates of England's prestigious Oxford and Cambridge universities, and these universities graduates in the New World were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had. Because of this support in the colony for an institution of higher learning, the General Court of Massachusetts appropriated 400 pounds for a college in October of 1636 and early the following year decided on a parcel of land for the school; this land was in an area called Newetowne, which was later renamed Cambridge after its English cousin and is the site of the present-day university.
When a young minister named John Harvard, who came from the neighboring town of Charlestown, died from tuberculosis in 1638, he willed half of his estate of 1,700 pounds to the fledgling college. In spite of the fact that only half of the bequest was actually paid, the General Court named the college after the minister in appreciation for what he had done. The amount of the bequest may not have been large, particularly by today's standard, but it was more than the General Court had found it necessary to appropriate in order to open the college.
Henry Dunster was appointed the first president of Harvard in 1640, and it should be noted that in addition to serving as president, he was also the entire faculty, with an entering freshmen class of four students. Although the staff did expand somewhat, for the first century of its existence the entire teaching staff consisted of the president and three or four tutors.
What is the main idea of the passage?
Xem đáp án »
16/04/2022
2,746
Câu 6:
Dan is able to make English instruction videos for Vietnamese people. It is because his Vietnamese wife helps him.
Dan is able to make English instruction videos for Vietnamese people. It is because his Vietnamese wife helps him.
Xem đáp án »
16/04/2022
2,550
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