Urban population grows and the effects of climate change worsen. Therefore, our cities have to adapt.

It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the (23) __________ between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are old-fashioned, possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with obstacles; (24) ___________ they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships. I think it is true that parents often (25) _________ their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.

Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. (26)_________they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.

If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and (27) _________, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.

Two classmates are talking to each other.

Student 1: "How can volunteers benefit from their work?" – Student 2: “__________________.”

Tom said: "I have already had breakfast, so I am not hungry."

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.