Câu hỏi:
21/04/2022 259Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42
Diffusion, the process of introducing cultural elements from one society into another, occurs in three basic patterns: direct contact, intermediate contact, and stimulus diffusion.
In direct contact, elements of a society's culture may be adopted first by neighboring societies and then gradually spread farther afield. The spread of the manufacture of paper is an example of extensive diffusion by direct contact. The invention of paper is attributed to the Chinese Ts'ai Lun in A.D. 105. Within fifty years, paper was being made in many places in central China. By 264 it was found in Chinese Turkmenistan, and from then on the successive places of manufacture were Samarkand (751), Baghdad (793), Egypt (about 900), Morocco (about 1100), and France (1189). In general, the pattern of accepting the borrowed invention was the same everywhere. Paper was first imported into each area as a luxury, then in ever-expanding quantities as a staple product. Finally, usually within one to three centuries, local manufacture started.
Diffusion by intermediated contact occurs through the agency of third parties. Frequently, traders carry a cultural trait from the society that originated it to another group. As an example of diffusion through intermediaries, Phoenician traders spread the alphabet, which may have been invented by another Semitic group, to Greece. At times, soldiers serve as intermediaries in spreading a culture trait. During the Middle Ages, European soldiers acted as intermediaries in two ways: they carried European culture to Arab societies of North Africa and brought Arab culture back to Europe. In the nineteenth century Western missionaries brought Western-style clothing to such places as Africa and the Pacific islands.
In stimulus diffusion, knowledge of a trait belonging to another culture stimulates the invention or development of a local equivalent. A classic example of stimulus diffusion is the creation of the Cherokee syllabic writing system by a Native American named Sequoya. Sequoya got the idea from his contact with the English; yet he did not adopt the writing system nor did he even learn to write English. He utilized some English alphabetic symbols, altered others, and invented new ones. All the symbols he used represented Cherokee syllables and had a distinctly Cherokee form.
The passage mainly discusses how ____________
Sách mới 2k7: 30 đề đánh giá năng lực DHQG Hà Nội, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, BKHN 2025 mới nhất (600 trang - chỉ từ 160k).
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Trả lời:
Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận về cách thức _____
A. các nền văn hóa giữ các đặc điểm độc đáo của họ
B. yếu tố văn hóa chuyển từ nền văn hóa này sang nền văn hóa khác
C. giấy đi vào sử dụng chung
D. nền kinh tế tăng trưởng thông qua thương mại và sản xuất
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: Đoạn mở đầu giới thiệu các cách mà văn hóa có thể truyền từ xã hội này sang xã hội khác, và mỗi đoạn văn sau đó nói về một cách.
Đã bán 152
Đã bán 114
Đã bán 132
Đã bán 47
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
The company was so successful during the 1990s that it ____________ 500 new employees in a period of six months.
Câu 2:
I phoned him late yesterday but he didn't answer. He ____________ then.
Câu 3:
I can't see us beating them at tennis this year. We are so out of ___________
Câu 4:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29
HOW TO WRITE A BLOCKBUSTER
If you have ever finished reading the latest blockbuster and thought that you could have done better, consider (25) ____________ the following techniques.
Before you settle upon your subject matter, be canny and examine the current market. If period dramas are making a comeback, for example, consider that genre but with a unique twist. Start by looking around you - in newspapers, on TV - for stories and characters. Choose a genre and topic you feel comfortable with. (26) ____________ research will add to the strength and depth of your writing and help you (27) ____________ more confidence. Read relevant history books, biographies and travelogues to immerse yourself in your chosen period and setting.
Once you have formulated your characters, possible storylines and locations, start to sketch out rough dialogues and scenes. Only then should you set about writing the novel.
Once the novel is completed, you must find an agent. Many (28) ____________publishers will only consider submissions via an established agent and will largely ignore unsolicited books. Again, research is the key.
Look for an agent that (29) ____________ your genre and style. Finally, do not forget that the book has to be marketed once it is published, so you, the author, will become one of the novel's Unique Selling Points. It helps if you and the book have a good behind you too.
Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions.
Every woman who has enough criteria can join the beauty contest irrespective of their background.
Câu 6:
It was not until his father threatened to punish him did he told him the truth.
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