Câu hỏi:

11/09/2023 771

(1) Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect.

    (2) Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early adulthood. After that, they begin to decline. Bones, for example, gradually become lighter and more brittle. In the aged, the joints between the bones also become rigid and more inflexible. This can make moving very painful.

    (3) All the major organs of the body show signs of aging. The brain, for example, works less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking processes of all sorts are slowed down. Old people often have trouble in remembering recent events.

    (4) One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to the rest of body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of the aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack.

    (5) Aging is not a uniform process. Different parts of the body wear out at different rates. There are great differences among people in their rate of aging. Even the cells of the body differ in the way they age. The majority of cells are capable of reproducing themselves many times during the course of a lifetime. Nerve cells and muscle fibers can never be replaced once they wear out.

    (6) Gerontologists - scientists who study the process of aging - believe this wearing out of the body is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock. They are trying to discover how this clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a great number of productive years.

What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Signs of aging are easier to detect in animals than in plants.

B. Aging occurs in every living thing after it has reached maturity.

C. Not all signs of aging are visible.

D. The outward signs of aging may be seen in old people.

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Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án B

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect.”

Câu hỏi cùng đoạn

Câu 2:

What does the word “it” in line 2 refers to?

A. aging

B. a living thing

C. an illness

D. an accident

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án B

Thông tin nằm ở câu đầu đoạn 1: “Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely.”

Câu 3:

All of the followings may be the outward signs of aging EXCEPT _____.

A. the graying of the hair

B. the wrinkling of the skin

C. the decline in hearing and eyesight

D. the loss of appetite

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án D

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect.”

Câu 4:

When does the human body begin to lose vigor and the ability to function efficiently?

A. Soon after reaching adulthood

B. During childhood

C. Early adulthood

D. Past middle age

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án A

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 2: “Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early adulthood. After that, they begin to decline. Bones, for example, gradually become lighter and more brittle. In the aged, the joints between the bones also become rigid and more inflexible. This can make moving very painful.”

Câu 5:

The word “brittle” as used in the second paragraph means _____.

A. soft and easily bent

B. hard and endurable

C. hard but easily broken

D. rigid and inflexible

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án C

brittle: (a) cứng nhưng giòn, dễ vỡ, dễ gãy = hard but easily broken

Câu 6:

According to the passage, what condition is responsible for many of the diseases of the old?

A. The arteries have become thickened and constricted.

B. The blood vessels lead from the heart.

C. The brain gets smaller in size.

D. Bones become lighter and brittle.

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án A

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 4: “One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to the rest of body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of the aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack.”

Câu 7:

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. All living things grow old.

B. Aging is unavoidable in any living things.

C. Plants show less signs of aging than any other living things.

D. Most body parts wear out during the course of a lifetime.

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Lời giải của GV VietJack

Đáp án C

- “Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided…” (Câu đầu đoạn 1) -> A, B đúng

- “Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect.” (câu cuối đoạn 1) -> “Cây cối cũng lão hóa, nhưng dấu hiệu khó nhận ra hơn.” không phải “ít có các dấu hiệu lão hóa hơn”, => C sai

- “Different parts of the body wear out at different rates.” (câu 2 đoạn 5) -> D đúng

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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1

According to the passage, Chaplin got the idea for Modern Times from ______.

A. a movie

B. a conversation

C. a newspaper

D. fieldwork

Lời giải

Đáp án B

Đọc đoạn thứ nhất, ta có thể thấy ý t ưởng của bộ phim là từ cuộc hội thoại (conversation) khi Charlin nói chuyện với phóng viên.

Trong đoạn đầu có câu: “Charlie Chaplin was motivated to make the film by a reporter who, while interviewing him, happened to describe the working conditions in industrial Detroit.” Động từ motivate nghĩa là động cơ, trong ngữ cảnh này chính là khơi ngu ồn cảm hứng làm bộ phim Modern Times.

Câu 2

New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______.

A. the people who came earlier

B. the US government agencies

C. only charity organizations

D. volunteer organizations

Lời giải

Đáp án A

Giải thích: Bằng chứng cho câu trả lời này nằm trong câu “Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life.” Trong đó, từ predecessors có nghĩa tương đương với the people who came earlier (những người đến trước).

Câu 3