Câu hỏi:
29/06/2023 1,743
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 26 to 30.
LESSONS FROM CURITIBA
Urban planning deals with the physical, economic, and social development of cities. Today urban populations are increasing rapidly, and growing cities are putting enormous pressure on the environment. For this reason, the type of urban planning found in Curitiba, in southern Brazil, is more important than ever.
Curitiba is a fine example of how urban planning can work. This has not always been the case, however. At one time, Curitiba faced the same problems as many other cities all over the world, namely overcrowding, pollution, and an increased demand for services, transport, and housing. How, then, did Curitiba address these problems?
By the 1940s the population of Curitiba had grown to about 150,000 as immigrants from countries such as Japan, Syria, and Lebanon came to work in agriculture and industry. These people needed both housing and transportation. Curitiba's leaders realised that it was not sensible to deal with these problems separately. Consequently, they employed a French planner and architect, Alfred Agache, to find an overall solution.
Agache studied all aspects of the problem. He designed a scheme which gave priority to public services such as sanitation and public transport. At the same time, the scheme included centres which helped both community life and commerce to develop, and reduced traffic congestion. This was the first scheme to address several problems of growing cities at the same time. Unfortunately, some parts of his plan were not completed. The result, as described below, was that his scheme only served Curitiba for another 20 years.
By the 1960s, the population of Curitiba had grown to about 430,000 inhabitants, so the city had to rethink its needs. In order to do this, the mayor put together a team of architects and town planners led by Jaime Lerner. This team produced the Curitiba Master Plan. This consisted of taking Agache's original plan and adding wide, high-speed roads which crossed the smaller streets. Their proposals also included plans to minimise urban growth, reduce city centre traffic, and preserve the city's historic district. It is clear that the Curitiba Master Plan was one of the first attempts to integrate all aspects of city planning
This integrated approach to urban design was maintained throughout the 1980s as Curitiba's population grew to almost one million inhabitants. Environmental facilities were added, such as a recycling programme for household waste, and parks and 'green' spaces were protected from development. However, good transportation remained central to the planning.
Good transportation still remains a priority, together with the needs for jobs. A growing population needs employment, so business parks and centres have been added to encourage new small businesses. All these changes will continue be the population of Curitiba increases, but its city planners are continually searching for solutions to the problems.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 26 to 30.
LESSONS FROM CURITIBA
Urban planning deals with the physical, economic, and social development of cities. Today urban populations are increasing rapidly, and growing cities are putting enormous pressure on the environment. For this reason, the type of urban planning found in Curitiba, in southern Brazil, is more important than ever.
Curitiba is a fine example of how urban planning can work. This has not always been the case, however. At one time, Curitiba faced the same problems as many other cities all over the world, namely overcrowding, pollution, and an increased demand for services, transport, and housing. How, then, did Curitiba address these problems?
By the 1940s the population of Curitiba had grown to about 150,000 as immigrants from countries such as Japan, Syria, and Lebanon came to work in agriculture and industry. These people needed both housing and transportation. Curitiba's leaders realised that it was not sensible to deal with these problems separately. Consequently, they employed a French planner and architect, Alfred Agache, to find an overall solution.
Agache studied all aspects of the problem. He designed a scheme which gave priority to public services such as sanitation and public transport. At the same time, the scheme included centres which helped both community life and commerce to develop, and reduced traffic congestion. This was the first scheme to address several problems of growing cities at the same time. Unfortunately, some parts of his plan were not completed. The result, as described below, was that his scheme only served Curitiba for another 20 years.
By the 1960s, the population of Curitiba had grown to about 430,000 inhabitants, so the city had to rethink its needs. In order to do this, the mayor put together a team of architects and town planners led by Jaime Lerner. This team produced the Curitiba Master Plan. This consisted of taking Agache's original plan and adding wide, high-speed roads which crossed the smaller streets. Their proposals also included plans to minimise urban growth, reduce city centre traffic, and preserve the city's historic district. It is clear that the Curitiba Master Plan was one of the first attempts to integrate all aspects of city planning
This integrated approach to urban design was maintained throughout the 1980s as Curitiba's population grew to almost one million inhabitants. Environmental facilities were added, such as a recycling programme for household waste, and parks and 'green' spaces were protected from development. However, good transportation remained central to the planning.
Good transportation still remains a priority, together with the needs for jobs. A growing population needs employment, so business parks and centres have been added to encourage new small businesses. All these changes will continue be the population of Curitiba increases, but its city planners are continually searching for solutions to the problems.
What aspect of development does urban planning NOT deal with?
Đáp án chính xác
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án đúng là: B
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: Urban planning deals with the physical, economic, and social development of cities.
Dịch: Quy hoạch đô thị giải quyết vấn đề liên quan đến sự phát triển vật chất, kinh tế và xã hội của các thành phố.
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
How many problems are mentioned in the passage as commonly shared by many cities?
How many problems are mentioned in the passage as commonly shared by many cities?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: D
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: At one time, Curitiba faced the same problems as many other cities all over the world, namely overcrowding, pollution, and an increased demand for services, transport, and housing.
Dịch: Có thời điểm, Curitiba đã phải đối mặt với những vấn đề tương tự ở nhiều thành phố khác trên toàn thế giới, điển hình là tình trạng quá tải, ô nhiễm và nhu cầu về dịch vụ, giao thông và nhà ở ngày càng tăng.
Câu 3:
What was the main cause of the increase in Curitiba's population Delore the 1940s?
What was the main cause of the increase in Curitiba's population Delore the 1940s?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: D
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: By the 1940s the population of Curitiba had grown to about 150,000 as immigrants from countries such as Japan, Syria, and Lebanon came to work in agriculture and industry.
Dịch: Đến năm 1940 dân số của Curitiba đã lên tới khoảng 150 nghìn dân nhập cư từ các nước như Nhật Bản, Syria, Lebanon đến làm việc ở ngành nông nghiệp và công nghiệp.
Câu 4:
In what ways was Agache’s approach different?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: D
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: This was the first scheme to address several problems of growing cities at the same time.
Dịch: Đây là kế hoạch đầu tiên giải quyết cùng lúc một số vấn đề của các thành phố đang phát triển.
Câu 5:
What did the Curitiba Master Plan do?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng là: D
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: This consisted of taking Agache's original plan and adding wide, high-speed roads which crossed the smaller streets. Their proposals also included plans to minimise urban growth, reduce city centre traffic, and preserve the city's historic district.
Dịch: Điều này bao gồm việc thực hiện kế hoạch ban đầu của Agache và xây dựng thêm những con đường rộng rãi, cao tốc cắt ngang những con phố nhỏ hơn. Các đề xuất của họ cũng bao gồm các kế hoạch giảm thiểu tốc độ tăng trưởng đô thị, giảm giao thông trung tâm thành phố và bảo tồn khu lịch sử của thành phố.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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