The diagrams below show two cutting tools made from stone. They are from an early period and a later period of human history. The tools were made by breaking off small pieces of stone.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Sample 1:

The diagrams illustrate a pair of stone cutting implements, namely tool A and tool B, which find their origins in two differing periods of human history. They were crafted through the technique of chipping away small fragments of stone.

Overall, there were noticeable differences between the two tools, with the one from 0.8 million years ago having greater dimensions, less rugged surfaces, and more uniform edges in comparison with its earlier counterpart.

Looking first at tool A, which dates back to 1.4 million years ago, it appears to be highly primitive. This artifact measures approximately 7 centimeters in height and 3 centimeters in width, and its thickness falls within the range of 2 to 3 centimeters. Similar to the later version, tool A features a rounded base, tapering toward the top. The latter, however, has much rougher surfaces when viewed from the front and the back, thus contributing to its more jagged edges and a less defined pointed end. 

Tool B, on the other hand, shows a more refined appearance, resembling a teardrop, as its tip is notably sharper while the sides are also smoother. In contrast to tool A, the front and back of tool B look somewhat similar, with less surface roughness. Furthermore, Tool B is about 5 centimeters longer and 2 centimeters wider than its predecessor, although the thickness is almost exactly the same.

Sample 2:

The diagrams chart the evolution of a cutting tool from its rudimentary form 1.4 million years ago to a more refined version 0.8 million years ago during the Stone Age.

Initially resembling a natural stone, the tool underwent significant enhancements, culminating in a more efficient and effective cutting instrument.

Approximately 1.4 million years ago, the tool took on a basic form, closely looking like a natural stone, indicating minimal crafting. Tool A displayed an oval shape from both the front and side views, with a coarse texture and blunt edges, suggesting it was not refined.

Over the subsequent 0.8 million years, significant improvements were made. The tool evolved into a spear-shaped implement with a much sharper tip and edges. Although Tool A maintained the same length at 10 centimeters, it featured a smoother surface and increased overall width. These enhancements markedly increased its cutting efficiency, making this version far superior.

Sample 3:

The diagram presents a comparison of prehistoric tools dating back 1.4 and 0.8 million years ago. Overall, the older tool is less refined with rougher edges, while the newer one appears smoother and better preserved.

Comparing the two tools from the frontal view, the one from 1.4 million years ago is slightly narrower, displaying a less defined shape. The more recent one comes to a sharper point with clearly rounded sides.

The side view reveals that the older tool is also bulkier with more jagged indents than the much smoother one from 800,000 years ago. Finally, in terms of the back view there is a distinctive contrast as the newer has fewer major cracks and closely mirrors its front side. The older tool, on the other hand, is approximately half the size overall and is chipped down greatly in the back.

Sample 4:

The presented illustration demonstrates some of the first cutting stone tools ever invented and how they transformed and improved over the course of human civilization – from 1.4 million years ago to 800 thousand years ago. It is clear that the same tool underwent radical changes and became sharper, better and more effective through the ages.

The stone tool made 1.4 million years ago was more rounded at the top and bottom edges. From the front and back view of the tool, it is clear that the diameter in the middle was almost 5 cm, and towards the top and bottom, it was around 3 cm wide. The side view shows that the tool was wider in the middle, with a diameter of approximately 3 cm, and it tapered towards the top, and the bottom ends. The back of the stone had fewer cuts than the front, and they were also particularly sharp or fine, decreasing their overall capabilities.

800 thousand years ago, this tool developed into a sharper, more refined one. The front and the back view show that the maximum diameter of the tool was the same as in the older tool, but it was more towards the lower side. The bottom tapered into a 1 cm point, but the top tapered more sharply into a 1 cm point. The side view clarifies that it was much less in width (1.5 cm) than the older tool. The stone was more chiseled than the previous one.

Sample 5:

The illustration details the evolution of stone cutting tools used by prehistoric men in the Stone Age.

As is evident from the diagram, the key difference between the cutting tools in the two periods is the size, with the latter version becoming noticeably larger. Tool B also appears more refined than tool A in terms of shape and sharpness.

1.4 million years ago, the cutting tool was thin, measured 7-8 centimeters in length, and did not display much craftsmanship. They were also rather uneven in appearance: the front and the back were shaped differently, and the surface appears to have been quite rough.

600,000 years later, it is obvious that the cutting tools used by man in the Stone Age had become significantly more advanced. First of all, they were larger, measuring 10-11 centimeters in length, and had a more definite tear-drop shape: fat at the base and tapering aggressively toward a sharp tip whereas the prior versions tended to be obtuse. Second, both front and back sides were ground more evenly and smoothly. It would also seem that man had learnt to sharpen the sides of their cutting tools as well.

Sample 6:

The provided illustrations delineate a comparative analysis of two distinct Stone Age cutting implements, denoted as Tool A and Tool B, with origins dating back to disparate epochs in human evolution, specifically 1.4 million and 0.8 million years ago, respectively. It is imperative to underscore that this temporal span of 0.6 million years had witnessed a discernible evolution in the characteristics of these implements, most notably manifesting in alterations pertaining to their dimensions, forms, and surface attributes.

The initial impression from the first figure is that Tool A appears to exhibit a rudimentary and austere design, reflective of limited craftsmanship. This artifact assumed an undefined shape, possessing a circular base that gradually tapers towards its apex, with the widest section positioned at its center, presumably to facilitate grip and manipulation. Tool A is recorded to possess dimensions, with a height and width encompassing approximately 7 and 3 centimeters, respectively, while its thickness falls within the range of 2 to 3 centimeters. A comprehensive examination of its anterior and posterior aspects revealed rough surfaces and jagged edges, with a rather blunt pointed end.

Subsequent to a temporal elapse of 600,000 years, it is apparent that this cutting tool has undergone a substantial transformation, attaining a refined appearance resembling a teardrop. In comparison with the previous version, Tool B exhibits an elongation of approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in both length and width whereas the thickness remained relatively unchanged. A meticulous inspection from diverse angles reveals that its surfaces have transcended their primitive ruggedness, now presenting smoother and more finely contoured edges, along with a notably pointed tip. This transformation implies an advanced utility in comparison to the antecedent.

It is intriguing to note that Tool A had experienced a remarkable transformation from a rudimentary object into an enhanced knife-like cutting implement over the course of 0.6 million years. This transformation underscores the adaptive capacities of early humans, delineating the trajectory of technological progress in the field of tool manufacture and utilization.

Sample 7:

The diagram depicts ancient cutting tools made from stone by early humans from 1.4 million and 0.8 million years ago, which were viewed from the front, side and back with length measurement in centimeters.

Generally, it can be seen that the tool from 800 thousand years ago was larger, longer and more well made than its earlier counterpart.

Approximately 1.4 million years ago, the cutting tool was relatively small with 7cm in length. From the front and back view, the overall shape was irregular, the stone surface was rugged while the side view showed an uneven edge.

The tool saw notable improvements 600 thousand years later. The stone blade was 1.5 times longer at nearly 10cm in length. The shape was more defined, which closely resembled a water droplet, and the surface was noticeably smoother viewing from the front and back. The side view also showed a sharpened edge for better cutting.

Sample 8:

The given diagram compares stone age cutting tools at 1.4 million and 0.8 million years ago. Overall, the latter one appears to be bigger in size and its shape was also better refined with sharper, more uniform edges and a pointed end.

To begin with, tool A, dated 1.4 million years ago, has a height and width of about 7.5 and 3 centimeters respectively, and is around 1-2cm thick. From the front view, there were large random cuts which created rough edges and a tapered end. From the other sides, similar cuts can be seen, and a sharp end was formed at the top of the tool.

Turning to Tool B, we can see that after 0.6 million years, the cutting tool had doubled in size, with a height of about 10 centimeters and a width of slightly over 6 centimeters, whereas it retained a similar thickness. A look from the front and the back of tool B reveals that its outer shape became significantly finer with a sharp pointy top and a smooth curved bottom. Its side view also witnessed a remarkable transformation which made the tool take the shape of a leaf with a sharp edge running across the tool.

Sample 9:

The presented pictures illustrate how cutting tools in the Stone Age evolved from 1.4 million years ago to 0.8 million years ago.

Overall, it can be concluded that in over 0.6 million years, the tools witnessed a dramatic change both in size and shape. In addition, these developments increased the effectiveness of the cutting instruments.

Regarding the front view, tool A had rough edges and no clear shape, whereas tool B had a symmetrical tear-like shape along with a pointy tip. This feature would give tool B an edge over tool A when it comes to cutting food or penetrating things.

In terms of the side view and back view, tool B proved to be significantly larger as compared to tool A, which would come in handy when cutting large products. With regard to the edges, tool A and tool B showed a manifest difference. While the former’s edges were rugged and blunt, the latter’s were significantly sharper, more refined, and knife-like.

Sample 10:

The two pictures compare 2 Stone Age cutting tools which were probably made and used by ancient people.

In general, while tool A was relatively simple and rudimentary, tool B was more refined.

First, 1.4 million years ago, tool A’s measurements were approximately 9 cm in length and 5 cm in width. From the front view, it had a rough surface. With a tapering shape, its biggest part was the middle, while the two ends were much smaller. The side view shows its thickness at about 2.5 cm. In the back, the large bottom part was perhaps the handle, while the pointy tip served the cutting purpose.

Dating back to 800,000 thousand years ago, tool B was nearly 12 cm long and 8 cm wide, which was significantly larger than tool A. From the front view, tool B closely resembled a water drop with a pointy tip and a round bottom. From the side view, both the edge and the tip seem straight and sharper than tool A. The back view clearly displays the bigger size of tool B compared to tool A.

Sample 11:

The diagram illustrates the evolution of the cutting tool during the period from 1.4 million years ago to 0.8 million years ago in the Stone Age.

It can be seen that a number of upgrades were made in the shape and size of the tool so that it could become a more effective cutting instrument.

1.4 million years ago, the tool was relatively primitive and resembled a natural stone, which suggests that little crafting was done. From the front and side view, Tool A had an oval shape, rough surface and blunt edges, hence presumably the inferior version compared to Tool B.

After 0.6 million years, the tool was upgraded into a spear-shaped instrument with the tip and edges being much sharper. While Tool B was 10 centimeters long – the same length as Tool A, the surface of Tool B was crafted to be smoother and the overall width to be larger. Therefore, these features rendered this version more superior in terms of cutting efficiency.

Sample 12:

The diagram illustrates the development of the cutting tool from two different time periods within the Stone Age.

Although the overall size and shape of the two cutting tools are very similar, the cutting tool from the latter time period shows some distinct improvements.

Tool A is a depiction of a Stone Age cutting tool used approximately 1.4 million years ago, while tool B is from a later part of the Stone Age approximately 0.8 million years ago. Both cutting tools are similar in shape and size, roughly 10cm in length. However, tool A looks to be quite a crude implement, while tool B appears to have been refined into a more effective cutting device.

From the front and rear view, tool B appears to be much wider than tool A and has a rounder body shape. The cutting edges also appear to be more distinct and symmetrical. The side view shows a distinct difference in the thickness of the two tools, with tool B significantly slimmer than tool A.

Sample 13:

The pictures describe the evolution of Stone Age cutting tools between 1.4 million and 0.8 million years ago. It can be seen that the latter design had seen vast improvements in the size, shape and finishing quality.

Tool A, which dated back to 1.4 million years ago, was rather small and rudimentary. At about 7cm in length, the tool was thin and did not display much craftsmanship. The front and back view were plain with only some slight chiselling effort while the side was rough and not very indicative of a cutting utensil.

Tool B showed many updated features compared to the older version. First of all, it was larger and sturdier due to a better water drop design with a broad base and pointy top. Second, both front and back sides were grounded more evenly and smoothly. Finally, although the tool’s thickness stayed relatively the same after 0.6 million years, the side edge was undoubtedly much more finely sharpened.

Sample 14:

The pictures describe the cutting tools created by our ancestors at two different ages.

Tool A was made approximately 1.4 million years ago. It was like an animal tooth about 8 cm long with a rough surface. It may be easy to hold but it was barely sharp enough. As is shown, the front part of the cutting tool was rather broad, and its top area was a little smaller than the bottom. Seen from the side, it was just as narrow as a stick. Moreover, the back part was much flatter than the front part.

Tool B was widely used 0.8 million years ago. Both of the two tools were made of stone. However, Tool B had been better developed than the previous one. It was about 12 cm long. Its front part had been smoother with many little points, which made it similar to the surface of a diamond. Observed from the side, it had got a very acute top, which was very useful for slicing meat. In addition, the back part was even much flatter than that of the older tool.