Câu hỏi:
13/09/2023 3,987
A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.
In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca -Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.
Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.
In paragraph 1, the word arduous is closest in meaning to _______.
A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.
In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca -Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.
Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án B
Trong đoạn 1, từ “arduous” gần nghĩa _______.
A. liên tục
B. khó khăn
C. cụ thể
D. chi tiết
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Tiêu đề nào tóm tắt ý tưởng chính của đoạn văn tốt nhất?
A. Những phát minh quan trọng nhất trong lịch sử
B. Phát minh và khám phá ngẫu nhiên
C. Bạn không phải lúc nào cũng có được những gì bạn muốn
D. Làm thế nào để trở thành một nhà phát minh vĩ đại
Câu 3:
What does the author imply about penicillin?
What does the author imply about penicillin?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Tác giả nghĩ gì về penicillin?
A. Nó là một nguồn cung cấp y tế vô giá.
B. Nấm mốc kết hợp với vi khuẩn đã tạo nó.
C. Một số người không bị ảnh hưởng bởi nó.
D. Các bác sĩ hiếm khi sử dụng nó ngày nay.
Câu 4:
In paragraph 2, the word endeavor is closest in meaning to _______.
In paragraph 2, the word endeavor is closest in meaning to _______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Trong đoạn 2, endeavor gần nghĩa _______.
A. yêu cầu
B. cố gắng
C. nghiên cứu
D. giấc mơ
Câu 5:
The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of ________.
The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of ________.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Tác giả sử dụng Alexander Fleming làm ví dụ về ________.
A. một người đã khám phá công trình khoa học một cách ngẫu nhiên
B. một trong những nhà phát minh nổi tiếng nhất trong lịch sử
C. một người đã trở thành một triệu phú từ phát minh của mình
D. một người đã cống hiến cuộc đời mình cho khoa học y khoa
Câu 6:
Who was John Pemberton
Who was John Pemberton
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
John Pemberton là ai?
A. Người tạo ra Teflon
B. Người tạo ra Coca-Cola
C. Người phát hiện ra penicillin
D. Người phát minh ra lò vi sóng
Câu 7:
What does the author say about Teflon?
What does the author say about Teflon?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Tác giả nói gì về Teflon?
A. Nó được sử dụng cho đồ dùng nhà bếp ngày nay.
B. Nó được tạo ra nhiều năm trước Coca-Cola.
C. Một dược sĩ đã phát minh ra nó.
D. Đầu tiên nó được sử dụng như một thiết bị làm lạnh.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 4:
Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
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12/09/2023
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