Câu hỏi:
17/03/2020 26,244Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the tamily, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ubility, decades ot research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category ot “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs ot that particular group.
Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group.
Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things” done.” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s member. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Chọn đáp án D
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về điều gì?
A. những vấn đề mà các nhà lãnh đạo phải đối mặt
B. khả năng lãnh đạo trong các nhóm lớn và nhỏ khác nhau như thế nào
C. các nhóm xã hội xác định người lãnh đạo như thế nào
D. vai trò của các nhà lãnh đạo trong các nhóm xã hội
Dẫn chứng: - ... there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals... (.. .thường có 2 vai trò lãnh đạo khác nhau được các cá nhân khác nhau nắm giữ...)
- Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. (Công việc lãnh đạo là điều hành nhấn mạnh việc hoàn thành nhiệm vụ của một nhóm xã hội)
- Expressive leader are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. (Lãnh đạo cảm xúc là cung cấp hỗ trợ tình cảm cho các thành viên nhóm và cố gắng giảm thiểu căng thẳng và xung đột trong nhóm mà ít quan tâm đến mục tiêu tổng thể của nhóm.)
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
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Câu 2:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
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Câu 4:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
In the past, the process of choosing a career was a much simpler matter than it is today. Aboy often followed in his father’s footsteps. His sister learned the household skills that (23) _________ her to become a wife and mother. Nowadays young people grow up in a much freer society (24) _________they enjoy almost unlimited career opportunities. In recent years, there (25) _________ an enormous increase in the kinds of vocations from which it is possible to choose. In addition, many of the barriers to career opportunity that existed only a few decades ago, such as (26) _________ based on sex or religion or ethnic origins, are (27) _________ disappearing.
Điền vào số (26)
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Câu 5:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
In the past, the process of choosing a career was a much simpler matter than it is today. Aboy often followed in his father’s footsteps. His sister learned the household skills that (23) _________ her to become a wife and mother. Nowadays young people grow up in a much freer society (24) _________they enjoy almost unlimited career opportunities. In recent years, there (25) _________ an enormous increase in the kinds of vocations from which it is possible to choose. In addition, many of the barriers to career opportunity that existed only a few decades ago, such as (26) _________ based on sex or religion or ethnic origins, are (27) _________ disappearing.
Điền vào số (27)
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