Câu hỏi:
18/03/2020 990* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Political and economic reforms launched in 1986 have transformed the country from one of the poorest in the world, with per capita income around US $100, to lower middle income status within a quarter of a century with per capita income of around US $2,100 by the end of 2015.
Vietnam’s per capita GDP growth since 1990 has been among the fastest in the world, averaging 5.5 percent a year since 1990, and 6.4 percent per year in the 2000s. Vietnam’s economy continued to strengthen in 2015, with estimated GDP growth rate of 6.7 percent for the whole year.
The Vietnamese population is also better educated and has a higher life expectancy than most countries with a similar per capita income. The maternal mortality ratio has dropped below the upper-middle-income country average, while under-five mortality rate has fallen by half, to a rate slightly above that average. Access to basic infrastructure has also improved substantially. Electricity is now available to almost all households, up from less than half in 1993. Access to clean water and modem sanitation has risen from less than 50 percent of all households to more than 75 percent.
Vietnam’s Socio-Economic Development Strategy (SEDS) 2011-2020 gives attention to structural reforms, environmental sustainability, social equity, and emerging issues of macroeconomic stability. It defines three "breakthrough areas": promoting human resources/skills development (particularly skills for modem industry and innovation), improving market institutions, and infrastructure development.
In addition, the five-year Socio-Economic Development Plan 2011-2015 focused on three critical restructuring areas - the banking sector, state-owned enterprises and public investment - that are needed to achieve these objectives. The recent draft of the SEDP 2016-2020 acknowledges the slow progress of the reform priorities of the SEDP 2011-2015.
With agriculture still accounting for almost half the labour force, and with significantly lower labour productivity than in the industry and services sectors, future gains from structural transformation could be substantial. The transformation from state to private ownership of the economy is even less advanced. The state also wields too much influence in allocating land and capital, giving rise to heavy economy wide inefficiencies. So, adjusting the role of the state to support a competitive private sector-led market economy remains a major opportunity. This will be important for enhancing productivity growth which has been stagnating for a long time.
(Adapted from http://ida. world bank, org/results/country/vietnam)
It took Vietnam about_______years to move from the poorest to the middle income status?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Câu đề bài: Việt Nam mất khoảng ________ năm để vươn lên từ vị tri nghèo nhất lên vị trí có thu nhập trung bình.
—» Đáp án D. 25
Thông tin trong bài:
Political and economic reforms launched in 1986 have transformed the country from one of the poorest in the world. with per capita income around US
$100, to lower middle income status within a quarter of a century with percapita income of around ƯS $2.100 by the end of 2015.
—» Những cải cách kinh tế và chính trị được bắt đầu năm 1986 đã làm biến đổi đất nước từ một trong những nước nghèo nhất trên thế giới, với thu nhập bình quân đầu người chỉ khoảng 100 đô la Mĩ, đến vị trí có thu nhập gần trung bình chỉ trong vòng một phần tư thế kỉ với thu nhập bình quân đầu người khoảng 2100 đô la Mĩ vào cuối năm 2015.
—» Mất khoảng 25 năm.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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