A man walks 5 km toward south and then turns to the right. After walking 3 km he turns to the left and walks 5 km . Now in which direction is he from the starting place?

\( \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}A'(5,{\mkern 1mu} 0,{\mkern 1mu} 0)\\B'(5,{\mkern 1mu} 10,{\mkern 1mu} 0)\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow A'B' = 10.\)

Phương trình mặt phẳng (Oxy)  là z = 0

Do \({z_A} \cdot {z_B} > 0 \Rightarrow A,B\)  cùng phía so với  (Oxy).

Gọi A', B' là hình chiếu của A, B lên (Oxy):

$\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{array}{l}{A}^{\text{'}}(5,0,0)\\ B^{\text{'}}(5,10,0)\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow A^{\text{'}}{B}^{\text{'}}=10.$

Ta có:\(AA' = 2,\qquad BB' = 4.\)

Đặt MA' = x, MB' = y.

Lại có: \(A'M + MN + NB' \ge A'B' = 10.\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi A', M, N, B' thẳng hàng:

\( \Rightarrow x + y \ge A'B' - MN = 8.\)

Vậy:\(AM + BN \ge \sqrt {{{(MA' + NB')}^2} + {{(AA' + BB')}^2}}  = \sqrt {{8^2} + {6^2}}  = 10.\)

\[\int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {{{(3\tan x + 2\cot x)}^2}dx} = \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {(9{{\tan }^2}x + 12 + 4{{\cot }^2}x)} dx\]

\( = \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {(9{{\tan }^2}x + 9)} dx + \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {(4 + 4{{\cot }^2}x)} dx - \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {dx} \)

\[ = 9\int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}} {\mkern 1mu} dx + 4\int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {\frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}x}}} {\mkern 1mu} dx - \int\limits_{\frac{\pi }{4}}^{\frac{\pi }{3}} {dx} \]

\( = 9\left( {\tan \frac{\pi }{3} - \tan \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) - 4\left( {\cot \frac{\pi }{3} - \cot \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) - \left( {\frac{\pi }{3} - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\)

\( = 9(\sqrt 3 - 1) - 4\left( {\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} - 1} \right) - \left( {\frac{\pi }{3} - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\)

\( = - 5 + 23\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} - \frac{\pi }{{12}}.\)

Vậy  𝑎 = − 5 , 𝑏 = 23 , 𝑐=− 1 .

Vậy T= a + b + c = 17