Câu hỏi:
01/04/2020 288Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time elapses, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the short term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the working memory.
There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long term storage.
When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear.
When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories.
Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting.
The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization.
The word elapses in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:
Đáp án chính xác
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án : C
“elapse” = “pass”: trôi qua (thường nói về thời gian)
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless.
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Câu 2:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Sharks can detect (A) minute electrical (B) discharges coming (C) from its prey. (D)
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Câu 3:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
The Red Cross gives medical aid and other help to victims of major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics and famines.
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Câu 4:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
He was one of the most outstanding performers at the live show last night
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01/04/2020
15,865
Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Childbearing is the women’s most wonderful role.
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01/04/2020
15,432
Câu 6:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
The disappearance of one or several species may result in the loss of ___.
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01/04/2020
14,017
Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Mold is extremely (A) destruction (B) to books (C) in a library. (D)
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