Câu hỏi:
29/08/2021 3,829Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
What can be inferred from the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Phương pháp giải:
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu – suy luận
Giải chi tiết:
Điều gì có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn?
A. Nghèo đói có thể là kết quả của quá trình đô thị hóa không có kế hoạch.
B. Dịch bệnh do những người di cư đến các thành phố.
C. Đô thị hóa có thể giải quyết vấn đề ô nhiễm môi trường ở các thành phố.
D. Số lượng người ở các thành phố ngày càng tăng có thể tạo ra nhiều việc làm hơn.
Thông tin:
- Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment …
- Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
Tạm dịch:
- Hơn nữa, sự gần gũi và đa dạng của mọi người có thể khơi dậy sự đổi mới và tạo ra việc làm … => D sai (sự gần gũi + đa dạng tạo ra việc làm)
- Các ước tính cho thấy 40% sự mở rộng đô thị trên thế giới đang diễn ra trong các khu ổ chuột, làm trầm trọng thêm sự chênh lệch kinh tế xã hội và tạo điều kiện mất vệ sinh cái mà tạo điều kiện cho dịch bệnh lây lan. => B sai (bệnh dịch là do mất vệ sinh); C sai, vì đô thị hóa còn làm cho môi trường thêm mất vệ sinh
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
Children brought up in a caring environment tend to grow more sympathetic towards others
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Câu 2:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
She began to play the piano three years ago
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Câu 3:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
He was (A) so (B) exhausted that he (C) felt asleep (D) at his desk
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Câu 4:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
When the boss walked into the office, his secretary _______
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Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
It’s quite disappointing that some people still turn a blind eye to acts of injustice they witness in the street
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Câu 6:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
The new college is intended to improve the life chances of children in the inner city
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Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges
- Baker: “In my opinion, women often drive more carefully than men.”
- Barbara: “______.”
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