Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Anthropologists have pieced together the little they know about the history of left-handedness and right handedness from indirect evidence. Though early men and women did not leave written records, they did leave tools, bones, and pictures. Stone Age hand axes and hatchets were made from stones that were carefully chipped away to form sharp cutting edges. In some, the pattern of chipping shows that these tools and weapons were made by right handed people designed to fit comfortably into a right hand. Other Stone Age implements were made by or for left-handers. Prehistoric pictures. painted on the walls of caves. provide further clues to the handedness of ancient people. A right-hander finds it easier to draw faces of people and animals facing toward the left. Whereas a left-hander finds it easier to draw faces facing toward the right. Both kinds of faces have been found in ancient painting. On the whole, the evidence seems to indicate that prehistoric people were either ambidextrous or about equally likely to be left or right handed.  

          But, in the Bronze Age, the picture changed. The tools and weapons found from that period are mostly made for right-handed use. The predominance of right-handedness among humans today had apparently already been established

What is the main topic of the passage?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

GREEN ENERGY

     Fossil fuels are used to generate the majority of the world's energy, and they come in different forms.  For example, coal may be burned in a power (25) _____________ to generate electricity, but gasoline is burned in a car's engine to make it run. Neither of these two sources is considered green energy because they produce a lot of pollution when they are burned. In addition, they come from a source that is inevitably going to (26) _____________ 

     Green energy can be defined as any energy source that is to some degree nonpolluting. When it is called (27) _____________, this means that a person can replace the same amount of energy that was  consumed by that person (28) _____________ that person's lifetime. Since it look millions and millions of years to create the fossil fuels that we now burn, we know that they cannot be replaced by us.  

          Wind power and solar power, (29) _____________ harnessed properly, are two excellent sources of green energy. Once the necessary parts such as wind turbines to generate wind power and solar panels to create solar power have been produced, only the pollution from the production is left

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

THE GREAT DEBATE OVER GM FOODS

     One of the hottest topics in agriculture today is genetically modified (GM) foods. GM foods are foods that come from plants that have had their DNA altered using biotechnology. GM foods have been on the market since 1994, when a company called Calgene started selling GM tomatoes. Since then, other GM foods including papaya, corn, and plums to name a few have been developed.  

     The main benefit of GM foods is that they can be a more economical solution than non-GM foods.  Scientists found a way to modify many plants to make them more resistant to weeds, diseases, and pests. This allows the plants to grow in tougher climates and conditions, which should lead to lower food prices and increase the overall food supply  

     However, many consumers still have their doubts about GM foods. For one they feel that by eating GM foods people are messing with nature. Until now humans have survived on food that was produced without any interference from science. Even though many lab studies show that GM foods are safe in the short term, opponents feel that not enough long-term testing has been done yet.  

     Another major issue in the GM foods debate is its labelling. Current US laws do not require producers to label their foods as GM. This has upset many consumers who feel they have the right to clearly know how the food they are buying is produced. On the other hand, producers are afraid to label their foods as GM because they feel it will result in less product sales, as people may assume that there is something wrong with GM foods.  

          This controversy is not just on the level of consumers and producers. The issue of non-GM foods has also become a block to a major free trade agreement between the US and Europe. GM foods are banned throughout most of Europe, while they are quite common throughout the US. Since many American GM food producers would like to sell their foods overseas in Europe, the US is requesting that European nations eliminate laws banning GM foods. However, many European nations are not fully convinced that these products are safe

The word “this" in paragraph 2 refers to _____________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

GREEN ENERGY

     Fossil fuels are used to generate the majority of the world's energy, and they come in different forms.  For example, coal may be burned in a power (25) _____________ to generate electricity, but gasoline is burned in a car's engine to make it run. Neither of these two sources is considered green energy because they produce a lot of pollution when they are burned. In addition, they come from a source that is inevitably going to (26) _____________ 

     Green energy can be defined as any energy source that is to some degree nonpolluting. When it is called (27) _____________, this means that a person can replace the same amount of energy that was  consumed by that person (28) _____________ that person's lifetime. Since it look millions and millions of years to create the fossil fuels that we now burn, we know that they cannot be replaced by us.  

          Wind power and solar power, (29) _____________ harnessed properly, are two excellent sources of green energy. Once the necessary parts such as wind turbines to generate wind power and solar panels to create solar power have been produced, only the pollution from the production is left

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

GREEN ENERGY

     Fossil fuels are used to generate the majority of the world's energy, and they come in different forms.  For example, coal may be burned in a power (25) _____________ to generate electricity, but gasoline is burned in a car's engine to make it run. Neither of these two sources is considered green energy because they produce a lot of pollution when they are burned. In addition, they come from a source that is inevitably going to (26) _____________ 

     Green energy can be defined as any energy source that is to some degree nonpolluting. When it is called (27) _____________, this means that a person can replace the same amount of energy that was  consumed by that person (28) _____________ that person's lifetime. Since it look millions and millions of years to create the fossil fuels that we now burn, we know that they cannot be replaced by us.  

          Wind power and solar power, (29) _____________ harnessed properly, are two excellent sources of green energy. Once the necessary parts such as wind turbines to generate wind power and solar panels to create solar power have been produced, only the pollution from the production is left

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

GREEN ENERGY

     Fossil fuels are used to generate the majority of the world's energy, and they come in different forms.  For example, coal may be burned in a power (25) _____________ to generate electricity, but gasoline is burned in a car's engine to make it run. Neither of these two sources is considered green energy because they produce a lot of pollution when they are burned. In addition, they come from a source that is inevitably going to (26) _____________ 

     Green energy can be defined as any energy source that is to some degree nonpolluting. When it is called (27) _____________, this means that a person can replace the same amount of energy that was  consumed by that person (28) _____________ that person's lifetime. Since it look millions and millions of years to create the fossil fuels that we now burn, we know that they cannot be replaced by us.  

          Wind power and solar power, (29) _____________ harnessed properly, are two excellent sources of green energy. Once the necessary parts such as wind turbines to generate wind power and solar panels to create solar power have been produced, only the pollution from the production is left

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

THE GREAT DEBATE OVER GM FOODS

     One of the hottest topics in agriculture today is genetically modified (GM) foods. GM foods are foods that come from plants that have had their DNA altered using biotechnology. GM foods have been on the market since 1994, when a company called Calgene started selling GM tomatoes. Since then, other GM foods including papaya, corn, and plums to name a few have been developed.  

     The main benefit of GM foods is that they can be a more economical solution than non-GM foods.  Scientists found a way to modify many plants to make them more resistant to weeds, diseases, and pests. This allows the plants to grow in tougher climates and conditions, which should lead to lower food prices and increase the overall food supply  

     However, many consumers still have their doubts about GM foods. For one they feel that by eating GM foods people are messing with nature. Until now humans have survived on food that was produced without any interference from science. Even though many lab studies show that GM foods are safe in the short term, opponents feel that not enough long-term testing has been done yet.  

     Another major issue in the GM foods debate is its labelling. Current US laws do not require producers to label their foods as GM. This has upset many consumers who feel they have the right to clearly know how the food they are buying is produced. On the other hand, producers are afraid to label their foods as GM because they feel it will result in less product sales, as people may assume that there is something wrong with GM foods.  

          This controversy is not just on the level of consumers and producers. The issue of non-GM foods has also become a block to a major free trade agreement between the US and Europe. GM foods are banned throughout most of Europe, while they are quite common throughout the US. Since many American GM food producers would like to sell their foods overseas in Europe, the US is requesting that European nations eliminate laws banning GM foods. However, many European nations are not fully convinced that these products are safe

What did Calgene do?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

THE GREAT DEBATE OVER GM FOODS

     One of the hottest topics in agriculture today is genetically modified (GM) foods. GM foods are foods that come from plants that have had their DNA altered using biotechnology. GM foods have been on the market since 1994, when a company called Calgene started selling GM tomatoes. Since then, other GM foods including papaya, corn, and plums to name a few have been developed.  

     The main benefit of GM foods is that they can be a more economical solution than non-GM foods.  Scientists found a way to modify many plants to make them more resistant to weeds, diseases, and pests. This allows the plants to grow in tougher climates and conditions, which should lead to lower food prices and increase the overall food supply  

     However, many consumers still have their doubts about GM foods. For one they feel that by eating GM foods people are messing with nature. Until now humans have survived on food that was produced without any interference from science. Even though many lab studies show that GM foods are safe in the short term, opponents feel that not enough long-term testing has been done yet.  

     Another major issue in the GM foods debate is its labelling. Current US laws do not require producers to label their foods as GM. This has upset many consumers who feel they have the right to clearly know how the food they are buying is produced. On the other hand, producers are afraid to label their foods as GM because they feel it will result in less product sales, as people may assume that there is something wrong with GM foods.  

     This controversy is not just on the level of consumers and producers. The issue of non-GM foods has also become a block to a major free trade agreement between the US and Europe. GM foods are banned throughout most of Europe, while they are quite common throughout the US. Since many American GM food producers would like to sell their foods overseas in Europe, the US is requesting that European nations eliminate laws banning GM foods. However, many European nations are not fully convinced that these products are safe.  

The phrase “messing with” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____________