Câu hỏi:
20/04/2022 202
According to the passage, the results of the experiments with kangaroo rats showed that ______.
According to the passage, the results of the experiments with kangaroo rats showed that ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Câu hỏi trong đề:
Đề thi thử môn Tiếng anh THPT Quốc gia năm 2022 có lời giải (20 đề) !!
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu – chi tiết
Giải thích:
Theo đoạn văn, kết quả thí nghiệm với chuột túi cho thấy ______.
A. chuột túi dự trữ nước để sử dụng trong thời kỳ khô hạn
B. chuột túi đã tận dụng nguồn nước có sẵn
C. không có thay đổi đáng kể về trọng lượng cơ thể do thiếu nước hoặc không tiếp cận được với nước
D. một chế độ ăn uống khô có vẻ bất lợi cho sức khỏe của chuột túi
Thông tin: … but this did not change appreciably the water intent in their bodies, which remained at 66.3% to 67.2% during this period.
Tạm dịch: … nhưng điều này không làm thay đổi đáng kể ý mước nước trong cơ thể chúng, vẫn ở mức 66,3% đến 67,2% trong giai đoạn này.
Dịch bài đọc:
Hầu hết các loài động vật sa mạc sẽ uống nước nếu nước ở ngay trước mặt, nhưng nhiều loài trong số chúng không bao giờ có cơ hội. Mọi sinh vật đều phải có nước, nếu không chúng sẽ chết. Động vật ăn cỏ tìm thấy nước trong thực vật sa mạc. Các loài ăn thịt tiêu diệt cơn khát của chúng bằng thịt và máu của con mồi sống. Tuy nhiên, một trong những điều chỉnh đáng chú ý nhất lại được diễn ra ở loài chuột túi nhỏ bé, chúng không chỉ sống không cần uống nước mà còn sống bằng chế độ ăn hạt khô chứa khoảng 5% nước tự do. Giống như các loài động vật khác, chuột túi có khả năng sản xuất nước trong cơ thể bằng cách chuyển hóa carbohydrate. Nhưng nó gây chú ý vì sự tiết kiệm hay chính là việc nó bảo tồn nguồn cung cấp nhỏ của mình bằng mọi cách có thể, chỉ thải ra một lượng nhỏ trong phân và qua đường hô hấp do sự bay hơi.
Việc điều tra làm thế nào chuột túi có thể sống mà không cần uống nước gồm nhiều thí nghiệm khác nhau với những con vật nhỏ này. Liệu chuột túi bằng cách nào đó có thể tích trữ nước trong cơ thể chúng và từ từ sử dụng những nguồn này trong thời gian dài khi không có nước từ sương hoặc mưa? Cách đơn giản nhất để giải quyết câu hỏi này là xác định tổng hàm lượng nước trong động vật để xem liệu nó có giảm đi khi chúng được nuôi trong thời gian dài theo chế độ ăn khô. Nếu chúng từ từ sử dụng hết nước, cơ thể sẽ ngày càng mất nước, và nếu chúng bắt đầu tích trữ nước, điều này sẽ thể hiện rõ ràng khi có hàm lượng nước cao ban đầu. Kết quả của các thí nghiệm như vậy với chuột túi trong chế độ ăn khô trong hơn 7 tuần cho thấy những con chuột duy trì được lượng nước trong cơ thể trong thời gian dài bị thiếu nước. Khi những con chuột túi được tiếp cận với nước có sẵn, chúng không uống nước. Chúng đã nhấm nháp những miếng dưa hấu nhỏ, nhưng điều này không làm thay đổi đáng kể ý mức nước trong cơ thể chúng, vẫn ở mức 66,3% đến 67,2% trong giai đoạn này.
Điều này rất gần với hàm lượng nước của động vật được cho ăn khô (66,5%), và do đó, việc có sẵn nước không dẫn đến bất kỳ “kho chứa” nào có thể có ý nghĩa như một nguồn dự trữ nước. Điều này hợp lý để kết luận rằng việc trữ nước sinh lý không phải là một yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến khả năng sống của chuột túi bằng thức ăn khô.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 2:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Books which give instructions on how to do things are very popular in the United States today. Thousands of these How-to books are useful. In fact, there are about four thousand books with titles that begin with the words “How to”. One book may tell you how to earn more money. Another may tell you how to save or spend it and another may explain how to give your money away.
Many How-to books give advice on careers. They tell you how to choose a career and how to succeed in it. If you fail, however, you can buy the book “How to Turn Failure into Success”. If you would like to become very rich, you can buy the book “How to Make a Millionaire”. If you never make any money at all, you may need a book called “How to Live on Nothing”.
One of the most popular types of books is one that helps you with personal problems. If you want to have a better love of life, you can read “How to Succeed in Love every Minute of Your Life”. If you are tired of books on happiness, you may prefer books which give step-by-step instructions on how to redecorate or enlarge a house.
Why have How-to books become so popular? Probably because life has become so complex. Today people have far more free time to use, more choices to make, and more problems to solve. How-to books help people deal with modern life.
What is the passage mainly about?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Books which give instructions on how to do things are very popular in the United States today. Thousands of these How-to books are useful. In fact, there are about four thousand books with titles that begin with the words “How to”. One book may tell you how to earn more money. Another may tell you how to save or spend it and another may explain how to give your money away.
Many How-to books give advice on careers. They tell you how to choose a career and how to succeed in it. If you fail, however, you can buy the book “How to Turn Failure into Success”. If you would like to become very rich, you can buy the book “How to Make a Millionaire”. If you never make any money at all, you may need a book called “How to Live on Nothing”.
One of the most popular types of books is one that helps you with personal problems. If you want to have a better love of life, you can read “How to Succeed in Love every Minute of Your Life”. If you are tired of books on happiness, you may prefer books which give step-by-step instructions on how to redecorate or enlarge a house.
Why have How-to books become so popular? Probably because life has become so complex. Today people have far more free time to use, more choices to make, and more problems to solve. How-to books help people deal with modern life.
What is the passage mainly about?
Xem đáp án »
20/04/2022
2,046
Câu 3:
The climate may become wetter or drier. It may become warmer or cooler. If the animals cannot change, or adapt, to the new climate, they die. Some animals go extinct because they cannot (40) ______ with other animals for food.
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20/04/2022
2,038
Câu 4:
Winning the cup in 1998 was just a ______ in the pan – they haven’t won the match since then.
Xem đáp án »
20/04/2022
1,649
Câu 5:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 39 to 43
WHY DO ANIMALS GO EXTINCT?
Different kinds of animals have appeared and disappeared throughout Earth’s history. Some animals go extinct because the climate (39) ______ they live changes. The climate may become wetter or drier. It may become warmer or cooler. If the animals cannot change, or adapt, to the new climate, they die. Some animals go extinct because they cannot (40) ______ with other animals for food. Some animals go extinct because they are killed by enemies. New kinds of animals are always evolving. Evolving means that the animals are changing (41) ______ from generation to generation. Small differences between parents, children, and grandchildren slowly add up over many, many generations. Eventually, a different kind of animal evolves. Sometimes many of the animals on Earth go extinct at the (42) ______ time. Scientists call this a mass extinction. Scientists think there (43) ______ at least five mass extinctions in Earth’s history. The last mass extinction happened about 65 million years ago. This mass extinction killed off the dinosaurs.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 39 to 43
WHY DO ANIMALS GO EXTINCT?
Different kinds of animals have appeared and disappeared throughout Earth’s history. Some animals go extinct because the climate (39) ______ they live changes. The climate may become wetter or drier. It may become warmer or cooler. If the animals cannot change, or adapt, to the new climate, they die. Some animals go extinct because they cannot (40) ______ with other animals for food. Some animals go extinct because they are killed by enemies. New kinds of animals are always evolving. Evolving means that the animals are changing (41) ______ from generation to generation. Small differences between parents, children, and grandchildren slowly add up over many, many generations. Eventually, a different kind of animal evolves. Sometimes many of the animals on Earth go extinct at the (42) ______ time. Scientists call this a mass extinction. Scientists think there (43) ______ at least five mass extinctions in Earth’s history. The last mass extinction happened about 65 million years ago. This mass extinction killed off the dinosaurs.
Xem đáp án »
20/04/2022
1,505
Câu 6:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Most desert animals will drink water if confronted with it, but many of them never have any opportunity. All living things must have water, or they will expire. The herbivores find it in desert plants. The carnivores slake their thirst with the flesh and blood of living prey. One of the most remarkable adjustments, however, has been made by the tiny kangaroo rat, who not only lives without drinking but subsists on a diet of dry seeds containing about 5% free water. Like other animals, he has the ability to manufacture water in his body by a metabolic conversion of carbohydrates. But he is notable for the parsimony with which he conserves his small supply by every possible means, expending only minuscule amounts in his excreta and through evaporation from his respiratory tract.
Investigation into how the kangaroo rat can live without drinking water has involved various experiments with these small animals. Could kangaroo rats somehow store water in their bodies and slowly utilize these resources in the long periods when no free water is available from dew or rain? The simplest way to settle this question was to determine the total water content in the animals to see if it decreases as they are kept for long periods on a dry diet. If they slowly use up their water, the body should become increasingly dehydrated, and if they begin with a store of water, this should be evident from an initial high water content. Results of such experiments with kangaroo rats on dry diets for more than 7 weeks showed that the rats maintained their body content during the long period of water deprivation. When the kangaroo rats were given free access to water, they did not drink water. They did nibble on small pieces of watermelon, but this did not change appreciably the water intent in their bodies, which remained at 66.3% to 67.2% during this period.
This is very close to the water content of dry-fed animals (66.5%), and the availability of free water, therefore, did not lead to any “storage” that could be meaningful as a water reserve. This makes it reasonable to conclude that physiological storage of water is not a factor in the kangaroo rat’s ability to live on dry food.
What is the topic of this passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Most desert animals will drink water if confronted with it, but many of them never have any opportunity. All living things must have water, or they will expire. The herbivores find it in desert plants. The carnivores slake their thirst with the flesh and blood of living prey. One of the most remarkable adjustments, however, has been made by the tiny kangaroo rat, who not only lives without drinking but subsists on a diet of dry seeds containing about 5% free water. Like other animals, he has the ability to manufacture water in his body by a metabolic conversion of carbohydrates. But he is notable for the parsimony with which he conserves his small supply by every possible means, expending only minuscule amounts in his excreta and through evaporation from his respiratory tract.
Investigation into how the kangaroo rat can live without drinking water has involved various experiments with these small animals. Could kangaroo rats somehow store water in their bodies and slowly utilize these resources in the long periods when no free water is available from dew or rain? The simplest way to settle this question was to determine the total water content in the animals to see if it decreases as they are kept for long periods on a dry diet. If they slowly use up their water, the body should become increasingly dehydrated, and if they begin with a store of water, this should be evident from an initial high water content. Results of such experiments with kangaroo rats on dry diets for more than 7 weeks showed that the rats maintained their body content during the long period of water deprivation. When the kangaroo rats were given free access to water, they did not drink water. They did nibble on small pieces of watermelon, but this did not change appreciably the water intent in their bodies, which remained at 66.3% to 67.2% during this period.
This is very close to the water content of dry-fed animals (66.5%), and the availability of free water, therefore, did not lead to any “storage” that could be meaningful as a water reserve. This makes it reasonable to conclude that physiological storage of water is not a factor in the kangaroo rat’s ability to live on dry food.
What is the topic of this passage?
Xem đáp án »
20/04/2022
1,422
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