Câu hỏi:
26/06/2023 305
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Pollution is a threat to many species on Earth, but sometimes it can cause species to thrive. Such is the case with Pfiesteria piscicida. A one-celled creature called a dinoflagellate, Pfiesteria inhabits warm coastal areas and river mouths, especially along the eastern United States. Although scientists have found evidence of Pfiesteria in 3,000-year-old seafloor sediments and dinoflagellates are thought to be one of the oldest life forms on earth, few people took notice of Pfiesteria. Lately, however, blooms - or huge, dense populations- of Pfiesteria are appearing in coastal waters, and in such large concentrations the dinoflagellates become ruthless killers. The blooms emit powerful toxins that weaken and entrap fish that swim into the area. The toxins eventually cause the fish to develop large bleeding sores through which the tiny creatures attack, feasting on blood and flesh. Often the damage is astounding. During a 1991 fish kill, which was blamed on Pfiesteria on North Carolina's Neuse River, nearly one billion fish died and bulldozers had to be brought in to clear the remains from the river. Of course, such events can have a devastating effect on commercially important fish, but that is just one way that Pfiesteria causes problems. The toxins it emits affect human skin in much the same way as they affect fish skin. Additionally, fishermen and others who have spent time near Pfiesteria blooms report that the toxins seem to get into the air, where once inhaled they affect the nervous system, causing severe headaches, blurred vision, nausea, breathing difficulty, short-term memory loss and even cognitive impairment. For a while, it seemed that deadly Pfiesteria blooms were a threat only to North Carolina waters, but the problem seems to be spreading. More and more, conditions along the east coast seem to be favorable for Pfiesteria. Researchers suspect that pollutants such as animal waste from livestock operations, fertilizers washed from farmlands and wastewater from mining operations have probably all combined to promote the growth of Pfiesteria in coastal waters.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Pollution is a threat to many species on Earth, but sometimes it can cause species to thrive. Such is the case with Pfiesteria piscicida. A one-celled creature called a dinoflagellate, Pfiesteria inhabits warm coastal areas and river mouths, especially along the eastern United States. Although scientists have found evidence of Pfiesteria in 3,000-year-old seafloor sediments and dinoflagellates are thought to be one of the oldest life forms on earth, few people took notice of Pfiesteria. Lately, however, blooms - or huge, dense populations- of Pfiesteria are appearing in coastal waters, and in such large concentrations the dinoflagellates become ruthless killers. The blooms emit powerful toxins that weaken and entrap fish that swim into the area. The toxins eventually cause the fish to develop large bleeding sores through which the tiny creatures attack, feasting on blood and flesh. Often the damage is astounding. During a 1991 fish kill, which was blamed on Pfiesteria on North Carolina's Neuse River, nearly one billion fish died and bulldozers had to be brought in to clear the remains from the river. Of course, such events can have a devastating effect on commercially important fish, but that is just one way that Pfiesteria causes problems. The toxins it emits affect human skin in much the same way as they affect fish skin. Additionally, fishermen and others who have spent time near Pfiesteria blooms report that the toxins seem to get into the air, where once inhaled they affect the nervous system, causing severe headaches, blurred vision, nausea, breathing difficulty, short-term memory loss and even cognitive impairment. For a while, it seemed that deadly Pfiesteria blooms were a threat only to North Carolina waters, but the problem seems to be spreading. More and more, conditions along the east coast seem to be favorable for Pfiesteria. Researchers suspect that pollutants such as animal waste from livestock operations, fertilizers washed from farmlands and wastewater from mining operations have probably all combined to promote the growth of Pfiesteria in coastal waters.
What is true of Pfiesteria?
Đáp án chính xác
Câu hỏi trong đề:
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Ta có thể thấy ở câu “Pollution is a threat to many species on Earth, but sometimes it can cause species to thrive.”
Dịch: Ô nhiễm là mối đe dọa đối với nhiều loài trên Trái đất, nhưng đôi khi nó có thể khiến một số loài phát triển mạnhCâu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
What is the main function of the toxins emitted by the dinoflagellates?
What is the main function of the toxins emitted by the dinoflagellates?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Ta có thể lấy dẫn chứng ở câu “The toxins eventually cause the fish to develop large bleeding sores through which the tiny creatures attack, feasting on blood and flesh.”
Dịch: Các chất độc cuối cùng khiến các vết loét của cá mở rộng và chảy nhiều máu, các sinh vật nhỏ bé tận dụng kẽ hở đó để tấn công, ăn thịt.
Câu 3:
All of the following are true, according to the passage, EXCEPT
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu “During a 1991 fish kill, which was blamed on Pfiesteria on North Carolina’s Neuse River, nearly one billion fish died”
Dịch: Trong một cá chết hàng loạt năm 1991, nguyên nhân là do Pfiesteria trên sông Neuse của Bắc Carolina, khiến gần một tỷ con cá đã chết
Câu 4:
The word "astounding" in the passage is closest in meaning to
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: astouding (adj) khó tin.
Dịch: Thường thì thiệt hại lớn đến khó tin.
Câu 5:
According to the paragraph 2, what will NOT happen if one breathes the toxic air?
According to the paragraph 2, what will NOT happen if one breathes the toxic air?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu “where once inhaled they affect the nervous system, causing severe headaches, blurred vision, nausea, breathing difficulty, short-term memory loss and even cognitive impairment.”
Dịch: Khi hít phải chúng sẽ ảnh hưởng đến hệ thần kinh, gây đau đầu dữ dội, mờ mắt, buồn nôn, khó thở, mất trí nhớ ngắn hạn và thậm chí là suy giảm nhận thức.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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