Câu hỏi:
26/06/2023 3,205
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to expand, it will negatively affect one after another of Earth’s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution. Certainly, there have been periods in Earth’s history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic. There have also been less dramatic extinctions, as when natural competition between species reached an extreme conclusion. Only 0.01 percent of the species that have lived on Earth have survived to the present, and it was largely chance that determined which species survived and which died out. However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to expand, it will negatively affect one after another of Earth’s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution. Certainly, there have been periods in Earth’s history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic. There have also been less dramatic extinctions, as when natural competition between species reached an extreme conclusion. Only 0.01 percent of the species that have lived on Earth have survived to the present, and it was largely chance that determined which species survived and which died out. However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Đáp án chính xác
Câu hỏi trong đề:
Đề kiểm tra cuối học kì 2 Tiếng anh 12 có đáp án (Mới nhất) !!
Sách mới 2k7: Tổng ôn Toán, Lí, Hóa, Văn, Sử, Địa…. kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia 2025, đánh giá năng lực (chỉ từ 110k).
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án đúng: D
Giải thích: Thông tin toàn bài
Dịch: Tác động của hoạt động của con người lên hệ sinh thái của Trái đất
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
The word “jolting” is closest in meaning to______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích:
jolting = shocking: sốc, ngạc nhiên
A. illuminating: giải thích
B. unknown: không biết, không xác định
D. predicted: dự đoán trước
Dịch: Tỷ lệ tuyệt chủng cao của các loài trong những môi trường này là rất đáng ngạc nhiên, nhưng điều quan trọng là phải nhận ra tầm quan trọng của đa dạng sinh học trong tất cả các hệ sinh thái.
Câu 3:
The author mentions all of the following as examples of the effect of humans on the world’s ecosystems EXCEPT______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích:
- In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction.
- Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities
- The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth
Chỉ có đáp án C không được đề cập
Dịch:
- Trong các hệ sinh thái trên cạn và trong các hệ sinh thái biển ven bờ (như đất ngập nước), vấn đề phổ biến nhất là phá hủy môi trường sống.
- Hiện nay con người đang bắt đầu phá hủy các hệ sinh thái biển thông qua các loại hoạt động khác
- Sự tàn phá nhanh chóng của các khu rừng mưa nhiệt đới, là hệ sinh thái có tính đa dạng loài cao nhất được biết đến trên Trái đất
Câu 4:
The author mentions the extinction of the dinosaurs in paragraph 2 to emphasize that ______.
The author mentions the extinction of the dinosaurs in paragraph 2 to emphasize that ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Dẫn chứng: Certainly, there have been periods in Earth’s history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic.
Dịch: Chắc chắn, đã có những giai đoạn trong lịch sử Trái đất khi các vụ tuyệt chủng hàng loạt xảy ra. Sự tuyệt chủng của loài khủng long là do một số sự kiện vật lý gây ra, có thể là khí hậu hoặc vũ trụ.
Câu 5:
According to the passage, natural evolutionary change is different from changes caused by humans in that changes caused by humans _______.
According to the passage, natural evolutionary change is different from changes caused by humans in that changes caused by humans _______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Dẫn chứng: However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment.
Dịch: Tuy nhiên, không có gì sánh bằng mức độ và tốc độ mà loài người đang thay đổi thế giới vật chất và hoá học và phá huỷ môi trường.
Câu 6:
The word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to _________.
The word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to _________.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Dẫn chứng: Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution.
Dịch: Hiện nay con người đang bắt đầu phá hủy các hệ sinh thái biển thông qua các loại hoạt động khác, chẳng hạn như xử lý và chảy tràn chất thải độc hại; trong vòng chưa đầy hai thế kỷ, bằng cách làm giảm đáng kể sự đa dạng của các loài trên Trái đất, chúng đã định hướng lại quá trình tiến hóa một cách không thể thay đổi.
Câu 7:
With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án đúng: D
Dịch: Con người cần ý thức hơn về ảnh hưởng của họ đối với các hệ sinh thái.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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