Câu hỏi:
11/09/2023 741
Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments. Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job.
Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs - Social Security - has become an American institution. Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people, Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated.
In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs. These include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is built at federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes.
Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available. Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons. It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households contribute money to charity.
New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______.
Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments. Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job.
Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs - Social Security - has become an American institution. Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people, Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated.
In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs. These include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is built at federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes.
Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available. Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons. It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households contribute money to charity.
New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______.
Đáp án chính xác
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Bằng chứng cho câu trả lời này nằm trong câu “Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life.” Trong đó, từ predecessors có nghĩa tương đương với the people who came earlier (những người đến trước).
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
It took welfare programs a long time to gain a foothold in the U.S. due to the fast growth of___.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Trong câu “several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization” từ fast growth cùng nghĩa với từ rapid pace. Vậy dáp án A là đáp án đúng.
Câu 3:
The word “instituted” in the first paragraph mostly means ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Giải thích: Từ instituted co nhiều nghĩanhưng trong ngữ cảnh của bài đọc này nó mang nghĩa là thành lập/mở. Vậy cho nên nó gần nghĩa nhất với từ introduced.
Câu 4:
Most of the public assistance programs ____ after the severe economic crisis.
Most of the public assistance programs ____ after the severe economic crisis.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Giải thích: Trong câu “Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs Social Security - has become an American institution.” từ “Depression era” tương đương với cụm từ “severe economic crisis” đều mang nghĩa là cuộc khủng hoảng kinh tế. Theo câu trên thì phần lớn các chương trình hỗ trợ ở thời kỳ khủng hoảng kinh tế ấy chỉ là giải pháp tạm thời sau đó các tổ chức ấy có thể lại tự giải tán và trong số đó chỉ có Social Security được thành lập.Vậy đáp án B là đúng.
Câu 5:
That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that ______.
That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Giải thích: “Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century (=Social Security payments will be a burden) , when the population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically (= the number of elderly people is growing).
Câu 6:
Americans on low incomes can seek help from ______.
Americans on low incomes can seek help from ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Ngoài chính nguồn trợ cấp từ chính phủ thì những người nghèo còn có thể tìm kiếm sự giúp đỡ từ các tổ chức từ thiện hay tình nguyện nữa. (Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available.). Vậy đáp án D là đúng.
Câu 7:
Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the ______.
Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Giải thích: Đáp án C là đúng vì càng ngày càng có thêm nhiều người tham gia vào các chương trình tình nguyện kể cả người trẻ và người già như trong bài đọc đã viết “Volunteerism is on the rise, It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households contribute money to charity.”
Câu 8:
The passage mainly discusses ______.
The passage mainly discusses ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Toàn bộ bài đọc cho thấy nội dung chính của bài đọc là nói về các tổ chức công cộng hỗ trợ người nghèo (nên C sai), ở Mỹ nói chung chứ không chỉ là người nhập cư (nên B sai). Bài đọc đề cập đến việc các tổ chức này lấy tiền từ đâu chứ không phải là cách gây quỹ nói chung ở Mỹ nên D sai.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
According to the passage, Chaplin got the idea for Modern Times from ______.
Xem đáp án »
11/09/2023
1,078
Câu 2:
The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discusses _____.
The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discusses _____.
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11/09/2023
586
Câu 3:
Which of the following best describes the main idea of this passage?
Which of the following best describes the main idea of this passage?
Xem đáp án »
11/09/2023
557
Câu 4:
According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because____.
According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because____.
Xem đáp án »
11/09/2023
535
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