Câu hỏi:
16/09/2023 550
Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most-distinctive feature ― the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy only one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two- thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem uprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there.
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more.
Why does the author compare rain forests and coral reefs in the first paragraph?
Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most-distinctive feature ― the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy only one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two- thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem uprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there.
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more.
Why does the author compare rain forests and coral reefs in the first paragraph?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
D
Tại sao tác giả so sánh những rừng mưa nhiệt đới và các rạng san hô ở đoạn văn 1?
A. Chúng có kích thước gần bằng nhau
B. Chúng có nhiều loại tương tự nhau.
C. Hầu hết cư dân của chúng đều cần nước.
D. Cả hai đều có nhiều hình thức đời sống khác nhau.
Dẫn chứng: Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
=>Chọn D
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
The word "bias" is closest in meaning to
The word "bias" is closest in meaning to
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
D
Từ “bias” ( những định kiến) gần nghĩa nhất với
A. sự quan tâm
B. sự bất lợi
C. thái độ
D. định kiến
Dẫn chứng: Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.
=>Chọn D
Câu 3:
The passage suggests that most rain forest species are
The passage suggests that most rain forest species are
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
A
Đoạn văn gợi ý rằng hầu hết các loài rừng mưa nhiệt đới là
A. côn trùng
B. vi khuẩn
C. động vật có vú
D. chim
Dẫn chứng: The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem uprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species.
=>Chọn A
Câu 4:
The word "there" refers to
The word "there" refers to
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
A
Từ “ there” ám chỉ đến
A. biển
B. các rừng mưa nhiệt đới
C. cây
D. bề mặt Trái Đất
Dẫn chứng: If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the seA. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there.
=>Chọn A
Câu 5:
The author argues that there is more diversity of life in the sea than in the rain forests because
The author argues that there is more diversity of life in the sea than in the rain forests because
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
A
Tác giả cho rằng đời sống dưới biển đa dạng hơn đời sống trong rừng mưa bởi vì
A. nhiều loài và tầng lớp đời sống hiện diện ở biển hơn
B. có quá nhiều côn trùng để tạo nên sự khác biệt có nghĩa
C. nhiều loài côn trùng quá nhỏ để phân chia vào các phân loại khác
D. các dạng đời sống dưới biển tái sinh sản với tốc độ nhanh hơn.
Dẫn chứng: If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea.
=>Chọn A
Câu 6:
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of microscopic sea life?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of microscopic sea life?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
D
Loài nào sau đây không được đề cập như là một ví dụ của đời sống dưới biển cực nhỏ
A. bọt biển
B. san hô
C. sao biển
D. tôm
Dẫn chứng: Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more.
=>Chọn D
Câu 7:
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage?
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
B
Kết luận nào sau đây mà bài đọc ủng hộ?
A.Đời sống dưới biển có tính thích nghi cao.
B. Càn chú ý nhiều hơn đến việc giữ gìn các loài sinh vật biển và môi trường sống ở biển.
C. Đời sống dưới biển chủ yếu bao gồm thực vật.
D. Biển có khả năng chịu đựng cao đối với sự tàn phá do các nhân tố ô nhiễm gây rA.
=>Chọn B
Câu 8:
The word "dominant" is closest in meaning to
The word "dominant" is closest in meaning to
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
B
Từ “ dominant” ( thống trị/ vượt trội/ chủ yếu) gần nghĩa nhất với
A.kiêu ngạo
B. chính/ chủ yếu
C. bất lực
D. lạ
=>Chọn B
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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