Giải hệ phương trình:

\[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{(x + y)}^2}\left( {8{x^2} + 8{y^2} + 4xy - 13} \right) + 5 = 0}\\{2x + \frac{1}{{x + y}} = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

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Giải bởi Vietjack

Điều kiện: x ¹ –y

\[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{(x + y)}^2}\left( {8{x^2} + 8{y^2} + 4xy - 13} \right) + 5 = 0}\\{2x + \frac{1}{{x + y}} = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{8{x^2} + 8{y^2} + 4xy - 13 + \frac{5}{{{{(x + y)}^2}}} = 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} + x - y = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{5\left( {{x^2} + 2xy + {y^2}} \right) + 3\left( {{x^2} - 2xy + {y^2}} \right) + \frac{5}{{{{(x + y)}^2}}} = 13\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} + x - y = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{5{{\left( {x + y} \right)}^2} + \frac{5}{{{{(x + y)}^2}}} + 3{{\left( {x - y} \right)}^2} = 13\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} + x - y = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{5{{\left( {x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}}} \right)}^2} + 3{{\left( {x - y} \right)}^2} = 23\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} + x - y = 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

Đặt \[x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} = a;\,\,\,x - y = b\,\,\,\,\,\,\]

Ta có: \[\left( {\frac{{ - 5}}{4};\,\frac{9}{4}} \right)\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{5{a^2} + 3{a^2} - 6a + 3 = 23}\\{b = 1 - a\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{8{a^2} - 6a - 20 = 0}\\{b = 1 - a\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{(a - 2)(4a + 5) = 0}\\{b = 1 - a\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{a = 2}\\{b = - 1}\end{array}} \right.}\\{\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{a = \frac{{ - 5}}{4}}\\{b = \frac{9}{4}}\end{array}} \right.}\end{array}} \right.\]

• Với \[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{a = 2}\\{b = - 1}\end{array}} \right.\], ta có

\[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} = 2}\\{x - y = - 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{\left( {x + y} \right)}^2} - 2(x + y) + 1 = 0}\\{x - y = - 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{(x + y - 1)}^2} = 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x - y = - 1\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 0}\\{y = 1}\end{array}} \right.\]

• Với \[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{a = \frac{{ - 5}}{4}}\\{b = \frac{9}{4}}\end{array}} \right.\], ta có

\[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x + y + \frac{1}{{x + y}} = \frac{{ - 5}}{4}}\\{x - y = \frac{9}{4}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{\left( {x + y + \frac{5}{8}} \right)}^2} + \frac{{39}}{{64}} = 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x - y = \frac{9}{4}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{\left( {x + y} \right)}^2} + 2 \cdot \frac{5}{8}(x + y) + \frac{{25}}{{64}} + \frac{{39}}{{64}} = 0}\\{x - y = \frac{9}{4}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{\left( {x + y + \frac{5}{8}} \right)}^2} + \frac{{39}}{{64}} = 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\\{x - y = \frac{9}{4}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}\end{array}} \right.\]

Vì \[{\left( {x + y + \frac{5}{8}} \right)^2} + \frac{{39}}{{64}} > 0,\,\,\forall m\] nên không có giá trị m thoả mãn hệ phương trình (2)

Vậy nghiệm (x; y) của hệ phương trình là (0; 1).

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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1

Cho hàm số y = ax³+ bx²+ cx + d (a, b, c, d ∈ ℝ) có đồ thị là đường cong trong hình bên. Có bao nhiêu số dương trong các số a, b, c, d?

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Lời giải

Từ đồ thị ta có: \[\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } y = - \infty \Rightarrow a < 0\]

Gọi x₁ và x₂ lần lượt là hai điểm cực trị của hàm số đã cho (x₁< x₂)

Từ đồ thị ta thấy: x₁ + x₂ > 0

Þ ab < 0 Þ b > 0

Lại có: x₁.x₂ > 0 Þ ac > 0 Þ c > 0

Đồ thị hàm số giao với trục tung tại điểm có tung độ y

Þ d > 0

Vậy trong các số a, b, c, d có 2 số dương.

Câu 2

Cho A = (m; m + 1); B = (1; 4). Tìm m để \[A \cap B \ne \emptyset \].

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Lời giải

Để \[A \cap B \ne \emptyset \] thì \[\left\{ \begin{array}{l}m + 1 \le 1\\m \ge 4\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}m \le 0\\m \ge 4\end{array} \right.\]

Vậy để \[A \cap B \ne \emptyset \] thì m Î (0; 4).

Câu 3