Câu hỏi:
31/10/2023 485
The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.
Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.
Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed.
What is the main idea of the passage?
The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself). As more power plants were constructed throughout the country, the reliance on coal increased. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year. In 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 33 percent of the nearly 900 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century.
Yet, in spite of the fact that coal has long been a source of electricity and may remain one for many years (coal represents about 80 percent of United States fossil-fuel reserves), it has actually never been the most desirable fossil fuel for power plants. Coal contains less energy per unit of weight than natural gas or oil; it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain. Since the late 1960's problems of emission control and waste disposal have sharply reduced the appeal of coal-fired power plants. The cost of ameliorating these environmental problems, along with the rising cost of building a facility as large and complex as a coal-fired power plant, has also made such plants less attractive from a purely economic perspective.
Changes in the technological base of coal fired power plants could restore their attractiveness, however. Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants, completely new technologies for burning coal cleanly are also being developed.
What is the main idea of the passage?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Dựa vào thông tin được đưa ra trong toàn đoạn văn và đoạn cuối → nội dung chính của đoạn văn nói về việc các nhà máy than đốt là một nguồn điện quan trọng ở Hoa Kỳ và vẫn có khả năng sẽ vẫn duy trì như vậy → chọn A
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
Edison's electric light bulb is mentioned in the passage because it _______.
Edison's electric light bulb is mentioned in the passage because it _______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Dựa vào thông tin “The invention of the incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison in 1879 created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power” → bóng đèn điện của Edison được đề cập đến trong đoạn văn bởi vì nó làm tăng nhu cầu về năng lượng điện.
Câu 3:
It can be inferred from the passage that coal became the principal source of electricity in the United States, because it _______.
It can be inferred from the passage that coal became the principal source of electricity in the United States, because it _______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Dựa vào thông tin “… created a demand for a cheap, readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power. Coal seemed to fit the bill…” → có thể suy ra rằng than đá trở thành nguồn điện chính của Hoa Kỳ bởi vì nó tương đối nhiều và không quá đắt đỏ.
Câu 4:
In the author's opinion, the importance of coal-generated electricity could increase in the future for which of the following reasons?
In the author's opinion, the importance of coal-generated electricity could increase in the future for which of the following reasons?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Dựa vào câu “Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas…” → sự quan trọng của nguồn điện được tạo ra từ than có thể tăng trong tương lai vì lí do sự sẵn có của các nguồn nhiên liệu khác trong tương lai không được chắc chắn.
Câu 5:
Acid rain is mentioned in the passage for which of the following reasons?
Acid rain is mentioned in the passage for which of the following reasons?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Dựa vào câu “… it is difficult to transport, and it is associated with a host of environmental issues, among them acid rain” → mưa axit là một vấn đề môi trường liên quan đến việc sử dụng than đá.
Câu 6:
According to the passage, which of the following is one of the goals of the new technology in coal-fired plants?
According to the passage, which of the following is one of the goals of the new technology in coal-fired plants?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
Dựa vào câu “Whereas some of these changes are evolutionary and are intended mainly to increase the productivity of existing plants…” → một trong những mục tiêu của công nghệ mới trong các nhà máy than đốt là làm cho những nhà máy đang tồn tại trở nên năng suất hơn → chọn D
Câu 7:
Where in the passage is there a reference to the establishment of the first electric power stations?
Where in the passage is there a reference to the establishment of the first electric power stations?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án A
Thông tin được đề cập đến ở dòng 2, 3 “Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations (which were set up at the end Of the nineteenth century by Edison himself)” → chọn A
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 3:
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
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