During the period between 2000 and 2002, a large number of scandals were uncovered.

Most of these scandals were related to_________

I) Manipulation of financial data to misrepresent the actual condition of the firm.

II) Misleading and overly optimistic research reports produced by analysts.

III) Allocating IPOs to executives as a quid pro quo for personal favors.

IV) Greenmail.

A. a fixed level of income for the life of the owner

B. a fixed stream of income or a stream of income that is determined according to a specified formula for the life of the security

C. a variable level of income for owners on a fixed income

D. a fixed or variable income stream at the option of the owner

E. a riskless return that is fixed for life

A. Deposits

B. Life insurance reserves

C. Mutual funds

D. Debt securities and other

E. Personal trusts

A. Top-down

B. Bottom-up

C. Middle-out

D. Buy and hold

E. Asset allocation

A. choosing which securities to hold based on their valuation

B. investing only in "safe" securities

C. the allocation of assets into broad asset classes

D. top-down analysis

E. moving assets between stocks and bonds

A. Commercial banks

B. Insurance companies

C. Investment companies

D. Credit unions credit unions

E. Commercial banks, insurance companies, investment companies, and credit unions

A. a common share of Microsoft

B. an Intel bond

C. a commodity futures contract and a call option on Intel stock

D. a call option on Intel stock and an Intel bond

E. a common share of Intel stock

A. a fixed level of income for the life of the owner

B. a variable level of income for owners on a fixed income

C. a fixed or variable income stream at the option of the owner

D. a fixed stream of income or a stream of income that is determined according to a specified formula for the life of the security

E. a riskless return that is fixed for life