The … approach indicates that a company's objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of major functional areas.

high fixed cost to user

lack of safety regulation

lack of locational flexibility

lack of control by the user

less-than-truckload motor carriers

Air

parcel carriers

truckload motor carriers

Break bulk function

Operational function

Stockpiling function

Consolidation function

extremely large less-than-truckload carriers

shippers of freight

receivers of freight

preferred suppliers

rapid movement of product; throughput

product storage; throughput

product storage; usage of available storage space

rapid movement of product; usage of available storage space

sorting out

allocating

accumulating

assorting