Câu hỏi:
18/03/2020 8,628Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
During the second half of the nineteenth century, the production of food and feed crops in the United States rose at an extraordinarily rapid rate. Com production increased by four and a half times, hay by five times, oats and wheat by seven times. The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers. By 1850 horse-drawn reaping machines that cut grain were being introduced into the major grain-growing regions of the country. Horse-powered threshing machines to separate the seeds from the plants were already in general use. However, it was the onset of the Civil War in 1861 that provided the great stimulus for the mechanization of northern agriculture. With much of the labor force inducted into the army and with grain prices on the rise, northern farmers rushed to avail themselves of the new labor-saving equipment. In 1860 there were approximately 80,000 reapers in the country; five years later there were 350,000.
After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced. By 1880 a self-binding reaper had been perfected that not only cut the grain, but also gathered the stalks and bound them with twine. Threshing machines were also being improved and enlarged, and after 1870 they were increasingly powered by steam engines rather than by horses. Since steam-powered threshing machines were costly items-running from $ 1,000 to $4,000 - they were usually owned by custom thresher owners who then worked their way from farm to farm during the harvest season. “Combines” were also coming into use on the great wheat ranches in California and the Pacific Northwest. These ponderous machines - sometimes pulled by as many as 40 horses - reaped the grain, threshed it, and bagged it, all in one simultaneous operation.
The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage. By the end of century, a farmer employing the new machinery could plant and harvest two and half times as much com as a farmer had using hand methods 50 years before.
What aspect of farming in the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Chọn đáp án A
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận đến khía cạnh nào của nông nghiệp ở nước Mỹ vào thế kỉ 19?
A. Máy móc tiết kiệm sức lao động tăng năng suất mùa màng như thế nào
B. Tại sao các nông trại miền Nam không thành công như nông trại miền Bắc
C. Thực hiện canh tác trước Nội Chiến
D. Tăng số lượng người làm nông nghiệp
Dẫn chứng: - The most crucial factor behind this phenomenal upsurge in productivity was the widespread adoption of labor-saving machinery by northern farmers...
- After the close of the war in 1865, machinery became ever more important in northern agriculture, and improved equipment was continually introduced
- The adoption of labor-saving machinery had a profound effect upon the sale of agricultural operations in the northern states-allowing farmers to increase vastly their crop acreage
Dịch: - Yếu tố quan trọng nhất đằng sau sự phát triển phi thường của năng suất này là việc áp dụng rộng rãi máy móc tiết kiệm lao động của nông dân miền Bắc...
- Sau khi chiến tranh kết thúc vào năm 1865, máy móc trở nên quan trọng hơn bao giờ hết trong nông nghiệp miền Bắc, và thiết bị được cải tiến liên tục được giới thiệu.
- Việc áp dụng máy móc tiết kiệm lao động có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến việc bán các hoạt động nông nghiệp ở các bang phía bắc, cho phép nông dân tăng diện tích cây trồng rộng lớn của họ)
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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