Câu hỏi:
18/03/2020 371Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.
Question 38: All of the following are mentioned as potential negative reactions to transfusion EXCEPT______.
Sách mới 2k7: Tổng ôn Toán, Lí, Hóa, Văn, Sử, Địa…. kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia 2025, đánh giá năng lực (chỉ từ 110k).
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Trả lời:
Đáp án B
Tất cả những điều sau đây được đề cập như là những phản ứng phụ có thể xảy ra đối với truyền máu TRỪ______.
A. Nhạy cảm với bạch cầu B. Bong bóng khí trong máu
C. Dị ứng D. Sự không tương thích của hồng cầu
Thông tin: Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. (Phản ứng phụ của truyền máu không phải là bất thường. Người nhận có thể bị phản ứng dị ứng hoặc nhạy cảm với bạch cầu. Một số có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự không tương thích của các tế bào hồng cầu không bị phát hiện.)
=> Chỉ có phương án B không được đề cập
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 12: Some high school students often_____helping the disadvantaged or handicapped children.
Câu 2:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 9: After feeling off_____for days, Tom finally went to see his doctor.
Câu 3:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 18: She frequently volunteers_____extra work because she really likes her job.
Câu 4:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 14: The local authority asked for a _____ contribution from the community to repair roads and bridges.
Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 23: In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government and by independent fee-paying schools.
Câu 6:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: A bank has promised a donation of $24 million toward the disaster fund.
Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 21: Mary invited her friend, Sarah, to have dinner out that night and Sarah accepted.
- Mary: "Shall we eat out tonight?"
- Sarah: "______”
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