A surprising number of popular spectator sports, for example football or baseball, started in Europe or the USA in the nineteenth century. (631) ____________. It was the result of changes in (632) _____________. Until then, more people lived in the country than in towns. They worked in small groups and had no regular time off. All this changed with the growth of factories and industry in the nineteenth century, first in Europe and then in the USA. For the first time, most people began to live in towns, and they found themselves with regular free time. They had more (633) __________ time than ever before. This resulted in the need for organized entertainment. Suitable games developed or were invented, typically team games, in which the crowd could take sides and become (634) _____________. This gave people some of the entertainment they need in their free time. The recent explosion in TV, with the introduction of satellite and cable channels, has caused an increase in demands for sports as entertainment. The money TV has brought to games such as football, tennis and baseball means that (635) ___________sports will certainly go on playing an important part in our lives.

A surprising number of popular spectator sports, for example football or baseball, started in Europe or the USA in the nineteenth century. (631) ____________.

Đáp án đúng là D

Phương pháp giải

Tính thể tích

Lời giải

Ta có \(A'A = A'B = A'C = a\sqrt 7 \) nên \(A'\) cách đều ba điểm \(A,B,C\). Gọi \(M\) là trung điểm của \(BC\) và \(G\) là trọng tâm tam giác đều \(ABC\) suy ra \(A'G \bot \left( {ABC} \right)\)

Gọi \(H\) là hình chiếu của \(B'\) lên \(\left( {ABC} \right),B'C \cap \left( {ABC} \right) = C \Rightarrow HC\) là hình chiếu của \(B'C\) lên \(\left( {ABC} \right)\).

Suy ra \(\left( {B'C\widehat {\left( {ABC} \right)}} \right) = \left( {\widehat {B'C;HC}} \right) = {30^ \circ }\), và

\(B'H = d\left( {B';\left( {ABC} \right)} \right) = d\left( {A';\left( {ABC} \right)} \right) = A'G\) (vì \(A'B'//\left( {ABC} \right)\))

Xét tam giác \(B'HC\) vuông tại \(H\) ta có:

\({\rm{sin}}{30^ \circ } = \frac{{d\left( {B';\left( {ABC} \right)} \right)}}{{B'C}} = \frac{{d\left( {A';\left( {ABC} \right)} \right)}}{{B'C}} = \frac{{A'G}}{{B'C}}\).

Suy ra \(B'C = 2A'G\), đặt \(x = A'G,x > 0 \Rightarrow B'C = 2x\).

Mà ta thấy \(BC \bot \left( {A'AM} \right) \Rightarrow BC \bot A'A \Rightarrow BC \bot B'B \Rightarrow B'BC'C\) là hình chữ nhật.

Xét tam giác \(A'AG\) vuông tại \(G\), suy ra

\(AG = \sqrt {A'{A^2} - A'{G^2}} = \sqrt {7{a^2} - {x^2}} \Rightarrow AM = \frac{3}{2}AG = \frac{3}{2}\sqrt {7{a^2} - {x^2}} \)

\( \Rightarrow AB = BC = AC = \sqrt {3\left( {7{a^2} - {x^2}} \right)} \).

Xét tam giác \(B'BC\) vuông tại \(B\)

\( \Leftrightarrow B'{B^2} + B{C^2} = B'{C^2} \Leftrightarrow 7{a^2} + 3\left( {7{a^2} - {x^2}} \right) = 4{x^2} \Leftrightarrow x = 2a\).

Suy ra \(A'G = 2a \Rightarrow AB = BC = AC = 3a \Rightarrow {S_{ABC}} = \frac{{9\sqrt 3 }}{4}{a^2}\).

Vậy \({V_{ABC.A'B'C'}} = A'G.{S_{ABC}} = 2a.\frac{{9\sqrt 3 }}{4}{a^2} = \frac{{9\sqrt 3 }}{2}{a^3}\).

Đáp án đúng là B

Phương pháp giải

Tính chu kỳ của hàm số lượng giác.

Lời giải

Ta có \({\rm{cos}}\left( {\frac{{\pi t}}{{12}} + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\) có chu kỳ là \(\frac{{2\pi }}{{\frac{\pi }{{12}}}} = 24\).