Câu hỏi:
20/03/2020 5,805Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.
Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.
Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.
Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.
Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.
Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.
In which paragraph does the writer mention the temperature in urban areas is higher than that of rural ones?
Sách mới 2k7: 30 đề đánh giá năng lực DHQG Hà Nội, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, BKHN 2025 mới nhất (600 trang - chỉ từ 140k).
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Trả lời:
Đáp án B
Trong đoạn văn nào tác giả đề cập đến nhiệt độ ở khu đô thị cao hơn nhiệt độ ở vùng nông thôn?
A. đoạn 3 B. đoạn 4
C. đoạn 5 D. đoạn 6
Căn cứ vào nội dung trong bài: (đoạn 4)
"The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo [radiation] means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C).” (Sự kết hợp giữa mức tiêu thụ năng lượng tăng và sự khác biệt trong albedo (bức xạ) có nghĩa là các thành phố sẽ nóng hơn các khu vực nông thôn (từ 0,6 đến 1,3 độ C.)
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Food and drinks which strongly ______ the body can cause stress.
Câu 2:
To Hoa, her father is the greatest person in the world and he always sets a good _______ for her.
Câu 3:
In Viet Nam, you shouldn't ________ at somebody's house on the first day of the New Year unless you have been invited by the house owner.
Câu 4:
They were so _________ about joining the local volunteer group that they couldn’t sleep last night
Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
We greatly respect my teacher for all of the best things that she brought to us.
Câu 6:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word (s) in each of the following questions.
Local people have cut down the forests to make way for farming.
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