Câu hỏi:
27/03/2020 238Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions.
A fold culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.
Order is maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, and interpersonal relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age. In Amish areas, horse-drawn buggies till serve as a local transportation device, and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles.
The Amish’s Central religious concept of Demut, “humility”, clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social class so typical of folk cultures, and there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect. The religion, a variety of the Mennonite faith, provides the principal mechanism for maintaining order.
By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, and a pronounced division of labor exists, leading to the establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly difierent from “folk”.
The popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and in many developing nations, Folk- made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.
Which of the following would probably NOT be found in a folk culture?
Sách mới 2k7: 30 đề đánh giá năng lực DHQG Hà Nội, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh, BKHN 2025 mới nhất (600 trang - chỉ từ 140k).
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Trả lời:
Đáp án D
Có thể dễ dàng chọn được đáp án D. A banker: một chủ ngân hàng, vì văn hóa dân gian chưa xuất hiện ngân hàng
Các từ còn lại: farmer: nông dân ; carpenter: thợ mộc; weaver: thợ dệt
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 2:
________ the fifth largest among the nine planets that make up our solar system is not surprising to me.
Câu 3:
The fire caused ________ damage that the factory building had to be demolished.
Câu 4:
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Câu 5:
Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
The mountain region of the country is thinly populated.
Câu 6:
Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.
My father is very busy with his business; therefore, he is always willing to give a hand with the housework.
Câu 7:
Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 41 to 45.
When the word "endangered" is mentioned, people usually think of particular species, like the panda or whooping crane. However, we would like to encourage you to think about (41)_____ in a broader context. It is (42)________, the physical places where species live and interact with one another. Although the development of special breeding programs, also known as captive conservation, may help some species in some cases, it is clearly not (43)________answer to the global problem. Indeed, (44)________we are able to protect natural areas where endangered species actually live, they have no future. Species become endangered for a wide (45)________of reasons. By analyzing and grouping many individual cases, however, we find the same broad causes appear again and again. They are Habitat Destruction, Exotic Species, and Overexploitation. Among other factors threatening particular species are limited: distribution, disease, and pollution.
Điền vào số (43)
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