Câu hỏi:

29/03/2020 738

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 55.

         Panel painting, common in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Europe, involved a painstaking, laborious process. Wooden planks were joined, covered with gesso to prepare the surface for painting, and then polished smooth with special tools. On this perfect surface, the artist would sketch a composition with chalk, refine it with inks, and then begin the deliberate process of applying thin layers of egg tempera paint (egg yolk in which pigments are suspended) with small brushes. The successive layering of these meticulously applied paints produced the final translucent colors.

         Backgrounds of gold were made by carefully applying sheets of gold leaf, and then embellishing of decorating the gold leaf by punching it with a metal rod on which a pattern had been embossed. Every step in the process was slow and deliberate. The quick-drying tempera demanded that the artist know exactly where each stroke be placed before the brush met the panel, and it required the use of fine brushes. It was, therefore, an ideal technique for emphasizing the hard linear edges and pure, fine areas of color that were so much a part of the overall aesthetic of the time. The notion that an artist could or would dash off an idea in a fit of spontaneous inspiration was completely alien to these deliberately produced works.

         Furthermore, making these paintings was so time-consuming that it demanded assistance. All such work was done by collective enterprise in the workshops. The painter or master who is credited with having created the painting may have designed the work and overseen its production, but it is highly unlikely that the artist’s hand applied every stroke of the brush. More likely, numerous assistants, who had been trained to imitate the artist’s style, applied the paint. The carpenter’s shop probably provided the frame and perhaps supplied the panel, and yet another shop supplied the gold. Thus, not only many hands, but also many shops were involved in the final product.

         In spite of problems with their condition, restoration, and preservation, many panel paintings have survived, and today many of them are housed in museum collections. 

 

What aspect of panel paintings does the passage mainly discuss?

Đáp án chính xác

Sách mới 2k7: Tổng ôn Toán, Lí, Hóa, Văn, Sử, Địa... kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia 2025, đánh giá năng lực (chỉ từ 70k).

Tổng ôn Toán-lý hóa Văn-sử-đia Tiếng anh & các môn khác

Quảng cáo

Trả lời:

verified
Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án : C

C “production” nghĩa là phương thức sản xuất, vì cả bài từng đoạn nói về cách làm từng phần của loại tranh này

CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

We bought some ______.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 30,839

Câu 2:

Since I moved house, I haven’t had much ______ with those friends.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 22,454

Câu 3:

______ all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 21,926

Câu 4:

By the end of next month, we ______ our English course.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 20,935

Câu 5:

If I had studied harder, I ______ better in the last exam.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 14,174

Câu 6:

Everyone can join our club, ______ age and sex.

Xem đáp án » 29/03/2020 11,982

Câu 7:

They are going to suffer a lot of criticism for increasing bus fare.

Xem đáp án » 08/01/2025 11,377

Bình luận


Bình luận