Câu hỏi:
05/04/2020 8,660Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
The changing profile of a city in the United States is apparent in the shifting definitions used by the United States Bureau of the Census. In 1870 the census officially distinguished the nation's “urban” from its “rural” population for the first time. “Urban population” was defined as persons living in towns of 8,000 inhabitants or more. But after 1900 it meant persons living in incorporated places having 2,500 or more inhabitants. Then, in 1950 the Census Bureau radically changed its definition of “urban” to take account of the new vagueness of city boundaries. In addition to persons living in incorporated units of 2,500 or more, the census now included those who lived in unincorporated units of that size, and also all persons living in the densely settled urban fringe, including both incorporated and unincorporated areas located around cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more. Each such unit, conceived as an integrated economic and social unit with a large population nucleus, was named a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA).
Each SMSA would contain at least (a) one central city with 50,000 inhabitants or more or (b) two cities having shared boundaries and constituting, for general economic and social purposes, a single community with a combined population of at least 50,000, the smaller of which must have a population of at least 15,000. Such an area included the county in which the central city is located, and adjacent counties that are found to be metropolitan in character and economically and socially integrated with the county of the central city. By 1970, about two-thirds of the population of the United States was living in these urbanized areas, and of that figure more than half were living outside the central cities.
While the Census Bureau and the United States government used the term SMSA (by 1969 there were 233 of them), social scientists were also using new terms to describe the elusive, vaguely defined areas reaching out from what used to be simple “towns” and “cities”. A host of terms came into use: “metropolitan regions,” “polynucleated population groups”, “conurbations,” “metropolitan clusters,” “megalopolises,” and so on.
According to the passage, why did the Census Bureau revise the definition of urban in 1950?
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Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Thông tin: While the Census Bureau and the United States government used the term SMSA (by 1969 there were 233 of them), social scientists were also using new terms to describe the elusive, vaguely defined areas reaching out from what used to be simple “towns” and “cities”.
Dịch nghĩa: Trong khi Cục điều tra dân số và Chính phủ Hoa Kỳ sử dụng khái niệm SMSA (đến năm 1969 đã có 233 trong số đó), các nhà khoa học xã hội cũng đã đang sử dụng thuật ngữ mới để mô tả các khu vực mơ hồ, khó xác định vươn ra từ những gì từng là các "thị trấn" và “thành phố" đơn giản.
Như vậy những khu vực thành thị hiện nay đã mơ hồ và khó nắm bắt hơn rất nhiều so với năm 1950, do đó mới có sự thay đổi tên gọi.
Phương án A. City borders had become less distinct = biên giới thành phố đã trở nên ít rõ rệt; là phương án chính xác nhất.
B. Cities had undergone radical social change = Các thành phố đã trải qua những thay đổi xã hội triệt để.
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.
C. Elected officials could not agree on an acceptable definition = Các công chức được bầu không thể đồng ý về một định nghĩa có thể chấp nhận được.
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.
D. New businesses had relocated to larger cities = Các doanh nghiệp mới đã di chuyển đến các thành phố lớn.
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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