Câu hỏi:
19/05/2022 398
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course. The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.
The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition, roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can "export" protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.
According to the passage, what is ATP?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course. The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.
The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition, roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can "export" protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.
According to the passage, what is ATP?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Chọn đáp án A.
Kiến thức đọc hiểu
Theo đoạn văn, ATP là gì?
A. một hợp chất hóa học
B. Phần ngọn của rễ
C. Một quá trình sinh hóa
D. Một loại tế bào thực vật
Dẫn chứng: The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions.
Tạm dịch: Quá trình hô hấp sử dụng đường để tạo ra hợp chất năng lượng cao ATP, thúc đẩy các phản ứng sinh hóa.
DỊCH BÀI
Khoảng năm mươi năm trước, các nhà sinh lý học thực vật bắt đầu tự trồng rễ trong dung dịch trong bình thí nghiệm. Các nhà khoa học phát hiện ra rằng dinh dưỡng của rễ cô lập khá đơn giản. Chúng yêu cầu đường và các khoáng chất và vitamin thông thường. Tuy nhiên, chúng không yêu cầu các hợp chất nitơ hữu cơ. Những rễ này rất thích hợp với nitơ vô cơ khoáng. Rễ có khả năng tự tạo ra protein và các hợp chất hữu cơ khác. Tất nhiên, những hoạt động này của rễ cần năng lượng. Quá trình hô hấp sử dụng đường để tạo ra hợp chất năng lượng cao ATP, thúc đẩy các phản ứng sinh hóa. Quá trình hô hấp cũng cần oxy. Rễ hoạt động mạnh cần nhiều oxy.
Nghiên cứu về rễ cô lập đã cung cấp sự hiểu biết về mối quan hệ giữa chồi và rễ ở cây nguyên vẹn. Lá của chồi cung cấp cho rễ đường và vitamin, rễ cung cấp nước và khoáng cho chồi. Ngoài ra, rễ có thể cung cấp các hợp chất nitơ hữu cơ cho chồi. Điều này rất hữu ích cho sự phát triển của chồi vào đầu mùa xuân khi lá chưa hoạt động. Một khi lá bắt đầu quang hợp, chúng sẽ tạo ra protein, nhưng chỉ những lá trưởng thành mới có thể “xuất khẩu" protein sang phần còn lại của cây dưới dạng. của các axit amin.
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