Cho đa thức A(t) = 2t⁴ – 8t³ + 9t + 3.

Tìm đa thức B(t) sao cho B(t) – A(t) = –4t³ + 3t² + 8t.

Ta có:

• P(x) + Q(x)

= (–4x⁴ – 3x² + 7) + (2x⁴ – 5x² + 8x – 1)

= –4x⁴ – 3x² + 7 + 2x⁴ – 5x² + 8x – 1

= (–4x⁴ + 2x⁴) + (– 3x² – 5x²) + 8x + (7 – 1)

= –2x⁴ – 8x² + 8x + 6.

• P(x) – Q(x)

= (–4x⁴ – 3x² + 7) – (2x⁴ – 5x² + 8x – 1)

= –4x⁴ – 3x² + 7 – 2x⁴ + 5x² – 8x + 1

= (–4x⁴ – 2x⁴) + (– 3x² + 5x²) – 8x + (7 + 1)

= –6x⁴ + 2x² – 8x + 8.

Vậy P(x) + Q(x) = –2x⁴ – 8x² + 8x + 6 và P(x) – Q(x) = –6x⁴ + 2x² – 8x + 8.

Ta có:

• P(x) + Q(x) + R(x)

= (3x⁴ – 2x² + 8x – 10) + (4x³ – 6x² + 7x – 1) + (–3x⁴ + 5x² – 8x – 5)

= 3x⁴ – 2x² + 8x – 10 + 4x³ – 6x² + 7x – 1 – 3x⁴ + 5x² – 8x – 5

= (3x⁴ – 3x⁴) + 4x³ + (– 2x² – 6x² + 5x²) + (8x + 7x – 8x) + (– 10 – 1 – 5)

= 4x³ – 3x² + 7x – 16.

• P(x) – Q(x) – R(x)

= (3x⁴ – 2x² + 8x – 10) – (4x³ – 6x² + 7x – 1) – (–3x⁴ + 5x² – 8x – 5)

= 3x⁴ – 2x² + 8x – 10 – 4x³ + 6x² – 7x + 1 + 3x⁴ – 5x² + 8x + 5

= (3x⁴ + 3x⁴) – 4x³ + (– 2x² + 6x² – 5x²) + (8x – 7x + 8x) + (– 10 + 1 + 5)

= 6x⁴ – 4x³ – x² + 9x – 4.

Vậy P(x) + Q(x) + R(x) = 4x³ – 3x² + 7x – 16;

P(x) – Q(x) – R(x) = 6x⁴ – 4x³ – x² + 9x – 4.