Biết a, b là các số thực dương thỏa mãn log₂a² + log₂b = 5. Tính giá trị biểu thức P = 5a²b.

a) \(a = {\log _{27}}5 = {\log _{{3^3}}}5 = \frac{1}{3}{\log _3}5\).

b) Ta có \(a.c = c.a = {\log _2}3.{\log _{27}}5 = {\log _2}3.\frac{1}{3}.{\log _3}5 = \frac{1}{3}.{\log _2}3.{\log _3}5 = \frac{1}{3}{\log _2}5\).

c) Có \(\frac{{a.c}}{b} = \frac{{\frac{1}{3}{{\log }_2}5}}{{{{\log }_8}7}} = \frac{1}{3}{\log _2}5.{\log _7}8 = \frac{1}{3}{\log _2}5.3.{\log _7}2 = {\log _7}2.{\log _2}5 = {\log _7}5\).

d) Ta có \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = {\log _{27}}5 = \frac{1}{3}{\log _3}5\\b = {\log _8}5 = \frac{1}{3}{\log _2}7\end{array} \right.\)\( \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{\log _3}5 = 3a\\{\log _2}7 = 3b\end{array} \right.\).

Mà \[{\log _{12}}35 = \frac{{{{\log }_2}\left( {7.5} \right)}}{{{{\log }_2}\left( {{{3.2}^2}} \right)}} = \frac{{{{\log }_2}7 + {{\log }_2}5}}{{{{\log }_2}3 + 2}}\]\[ = \frac{{{{\log }_2}7 + {{\log }_2}3.{{\log }_3}5}}{{{{\log }_2}3 + 2}}\]\[ = \frac{{3b + c.3a}}{{c + 2}} = \frac{{3\left( {b + ac} \right)}}{{c + 2}}\].

Đáp án: a) Sai;   b) Đúng;   c) Đúng;   d) Đúng.

\(P = {\log _{{a^2}}}\left( {{a^{10}}{b^2}} \right) + {\log _{\sqrt a }}\left( {\frac{a}{{\sqrt b }}} \right) + {\log _{\sqrt[8]{b}}}\left( {{b^{ - 2}}} \right)\)

\( = {\log _{{a^2}}}{a^{10}} + {\log _{{a^2}}}{b^2} + {\log _{\sqrt a }}a - {\log _{\sqrt a }}\sqrt b  + {\log _{\sqrt[8]{b}}}\left( {{b^{ - 2}}} \right)\)

\( = 5{\log _a}a + {\log _a}b + 2{\log _a}a - {\log _a}b - 16{\log _b}b\)

\( = 5 + 2 - 16 =  - 9\).