Câu hỏi:
28/03/2020 140Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
Ethology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its Evolutionary history. Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the1960’s but has become even more influential today. The origins of ethology can be traced to the work of Darwin. Its modern foundations were laid by two European zoologists, Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen.
Watching the behaviors diverse animal species in their natural habitats, Lorenz, and Tinbergen observed behavior patterns that promote survival. The most well-known of these is imprinting, the early following behavior of certain baby birds that ensures that the young will stay close to their mother and be fed and protected from danger. Imprinting takes place during an early, restricted time period of development. If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead . Observations of imprinting led to major concept that has been applied in child Development” the critical period . It refers to a limited times span during which the child is biologically prepared to acquire certain adaptive behaviors but needs the support of suitably stimulating environment. Many researchers have conducted studies to find out whether complex cognitive and social behaviors must be learned during restricted time periods. for example, if children are deprived of adequate food or physical and social stimulation during the early years of life, will their intelligence be permanently impaired? If language is not mastered during the preschool years, is the child’s capacity to acquire it reduced?
Inspired by observations of imprinting, in 1969 the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby applied ethological theory to the understanding of the relationship between an infant and its parents. He argued that attachment behaviors of babies, such as smiling, babbling, grasping, and crying, are built-in social signals that encourage the parents to approach, care for, and interact with the baby. By keeping a parent near, these behaviors help ensure that the baby will be fed, protected from danger, and provided with the stimulation and affection necessary for healthy growth. The development of attachment in human infants is a lengthy process involving changes in psychological structures that lead to a deep affectional tie between parent and baby.
The word “ensures” is closest in meaning to
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Trả lời:
Đáp án là B
ensure = guarantee: chắc chắn, đảm bảo
Các từ còn lại: assume: giả định; prove:chứng minh; teach: dạy
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given in each of the following questions.
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Câu 4:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined
The mission statement of the International Movement as formulated in the "Strategy 2010" document of the Federation is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity.
Câu 5:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlinedpart that needs correction.
Although fewer Americans work on farms today, they are too productive that the U.S is now the world’s top food exporter.
Câu 6:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined
Trudy felt ill at ease when she spoke in public for the first time.
Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given in each of the following questions.
He did not pass his driving test until he was nearly 30.
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