Câu hỏi:
30/12/2020 213Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer answer to each of the questions
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely . Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled – a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of more important air pollutants such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentrations of these pollutants were altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycle. Theseserve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil on a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In this localized regions, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycle. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, as a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
It can be inferred from the first paragraph that
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Top 5 Đề thi Học kì 1 Tiếng Anh 10 Thí điểm có đáp án !!
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án: C
Giải thích:
Dịch đoạn 1: Chất gây ô nhiễm không khí được định nghĩa là một hợp chất do con người bổ sung trực tiếp hoặc gián tiếp vào bầu khí quyển với số lượng như vậy có ảnh hưởng xấu đến con người, động vật, thảm thực vật hoặc vật liệu. Ô nhiễm không khí đòi hỏi một định nghĩa rất linh hoạt cho phép thay đổi liên tục. Khi luật ô nhiễm không khí đầu tiên được thiết lập ở Anh vào thế kỷ XIV, các chất gây ô nhiễm không khí được giới hạn trong các hợp chất có thể nhìn thấy hoặc ngửi thấy - khác xa với danh sách các chất độc hại được biết đến ngày nay. Khi công nghệ đã phát triển và kiến thức về các khía cạnh sức khỏe của các hóa chất khác nhau đã tăng lên, danh sách các chất gây ô nhiễm không khí ngày càng dài ra. Trong tương lai, ngay cả hơi nước cũng có thể được coi là chất gây ô nhiễm không khí trong những điều kiện nhất định. Nhiều chất ô nhiễm không khí quan trọng hơn như oxit lưu huỳnh, cacbon monoxit và oxit nitơ, được tìm thấy trong tự nhiên. Khi Trái đất phát triển, nồng độ của các chất ô nhiễm này bị thay đổi bởi các phản ứng hóa học khác nhau; chúng trở thành thành phần trong chu trình sinh địa hóa. Bảo tồn như một chương trình lọc không khí bằng cách cho phép các hợp chất di chuyển từ không khí sang nước hoặc đất trên cơ sở toàn cầu, sản lượng tự nhiên của các hợp chất này thấp hơn do các hoạt động của con người.
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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
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Câu 2:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the questions
The team leader demanded from his team members a serious attitude towards work , a good team spirit, and that they work hard
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Câu 4:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the questions
By the time Robert will finish writing the first draft of his paper, most of the other students will have completed their final draft
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Câu 5:
The team reached the top of the mountain. The team spent a night there.
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Câu 6:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer answer to each of the questions
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely . Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled – a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of more important air pollutants such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentrations of these pollutants were altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycle. Theseserve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil on a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In this localized regions, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycle. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, as a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
The word "detectable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to
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775
Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the semtence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions
People should not throw rubbish in the park. People should not cut down the trees in the park.
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