Câu hỏi:
06/06/2022 1,089
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
In a paper published in Science Advances, an international team of researchers have examined traits of marine megafauna species to better understand the potential ecological consequences of their extinction under different future scenarios.
Defined as the largest animals in the oceans, with a body mass that exceeds 45kg, examples include sharks, whales, seals and sea turtles. These species serve key roles in ecosystems, including the consumption of large amounts of biomass, transporting nutrients across habitats, connecting ocean ecosystems, and physically modifying habitats. Traits, such as how large they are, what they eat, and how far they move, determine species' ecological functions. As a result, measuring the diversity of traits allows scientists to quantify the contributions of marine megafauna to ecosystems and assess the potential consequences of their extinction.
The team of researchers -- led by Swansea University's Dr Catalina Pimiento -- first compiled a species-level trait dataset for all known marine megafauna to understand the extent of ecological functions they perform in marine systems. Then, after simulating future extinction scenarios and quantifying the potential impact of species loss on functional diversity, they introduced a new index (FUSE) to inform conservation priorities.
The results showed a diverse range of functional traits held by marine megafauna, as well as how the current extinction crisis might affect their functional diversity. If current trajectories are maintained, in the next 100 years we could lose, on average, 18% of marine megafauna species, which will translate in the loss of 11% of the extent of ecological functions. Nevertheless, if all currently threatened species were to go extinct, we could lose 40% of species and 48% of the extent of ecological functions. Sharks are predicted to be the most affected, with losses of functional richness far beyond those expected under random extinctions.
(Adapted from https://www.sciencedaily.com/)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
In a paper published in Science Advances, an international team of researchers have examined traits of marine megafauna species to better understand the potential ecological consequences of their extinction under different future scenarios.
Defined as the largest animals in the oceans, with a body mass that exceeds 45kg, examples include sharks, whales, seals and sea turtles. These species serve key roles in ecosystems, including the consumption of large amounts of biomass, transporting nutrients across habitats, connecting ocean ecosystems, and physically modifying habitats. Traits, such as how large they are, what they eat, and how far they move, determine species' ecological functions. As a result, measuring the diversity of traits allows scientists to quantify the contributions of marine megafauna to ecosystems and assess the potential consequences of their extinction.
The team of researchers -- led by Swansea University's Dr Catalina Pimiento -- first compiled a species-level trait dataset for all known marine megafauna to understand the extent of ecological functions they perform in marine systems. Then, after simulating future extinction scenarios and quantifying the potential impact of species loss on functional diversity, they introduced a new index (FUSE) to inform conservation priorities.
The results showed a diverse range of functional traits held by marine megafauna, as well as how the current extinction crisis might affect their functional diversity. If current trajectories are maintained, in the next 100 years we could lose, on average, 18% of marine megafauna species, which will translate in the loss of 11% of the extent of ecological functions. Nevertheless, if all currently threatened species were to go extinct, we could lose 40% of species and 48% of the extent of ecological functions. Sharks are predicted to be the most affected, with losses of functional richness far beyond those expected under random extinctions.
(Adapted from https://www.sciencedaily.com/)Câu 44: Which of the following best serve as the title of the passage?
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Chọn đáp án A
Cái nào sau đây làm tiêu đề tốt nhất của đoạn văn?
A. Sự tuyệt chủng của các nhóm động vật biển ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến hệ sinh thái
B. Hậu quả của việc kiểm tra đặc điểm của các nhóm động vật biển
C. Cần kiểm tra những gì trong nghiên cứu ở các nhóm động vật biển?
D. Nguyên nhân tuyệt chủng của các nhóm động vật biển
=> Căn cứ vào các thông tin sau:
+ “In a paper published in Science Advances, an international team of researchers have examined traits of marine megafauna species to better understand the potential ecological consequences of their extinction under different future scenarios.”
(Trong một bài báo đăng trên tạp chí Science Advances, một nhóm các nhà nghiên cứu quốc tế đã kiểm tra các đặc điểm của các hệ động vật biển để hiểu rõ hơn về hậu quả sinh thái tiềm ẩn của sự tuyệt chủng của chúng theo các kịch bản khác nhau trong tương lai.)
+ These species serve key roles in ecosystems, including the consumption of large amounts of biomass, transporting nutrients across habitats, connecting ocean ecosystems, and physically modifying habitats.”
(Các loài này đóng những vai trò quan trọng trong hệ sinh thái, bao gồm tiêu thụ một lượng lớn sinh khối, vận chuyển chất dinh dưỡng qua các môi trường sống, kết nối các hệ sinh thái đại dương và thay đổi môi trường sống.)
+ “The results showed a diverse range of functional traits held by marine megafauna, as well as how the current extinction crisis might affect their functional diversity.”
(Kết quả cho thấy một loạt các đặc điểm chức năng mà hệ động vật biển nắm giữ, cũng như cuộc khủng hoảng tuyệt chủng hiện nay có thể ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến sự đa dạng chức năng của chúng.)
=> Từ đó, dễ thấy rằng bài văn đang bàn tới chủ đề: Sự tuyệt chủng của các nhóm động vật biển ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến hệ sinh thái.
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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