Tìm các số nguyên x, y thỏa mãn: \(5{x^2} - 4xy + {y^2} = 169\).

Vì α là góc tù nên \(\sin \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } \).

Do đó, sin α – cos α = \(\frac{4}{5}\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } - \cos \alpha = \frac{4}{5}\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } = \cos \alpha + \frac{4}{5} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha = {{\left( {\cos \alpha + \frac{4}{5}} \right)}^2}}\\{\cos \alpha \ge - \frac{4}{5}}\end{array}} \right.\)\( \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{50{{\cos }^2}\alpha + 40\cos \alpha - 9 = 0}\\{\cos \alpha \ge - \frac{4}{5}}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\cos \alpha = \frac{{ - 4 + \sqrt {34} }}{{10}}}\\{\cos \alpha = \frac{{ - 4 - \sqrt {34} }}{{10}}}\end{array}} \right.}\\{\cos \alpha \ge - \frac{4}{5}}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \cos \alpha = - \frac{{4 + \sqrt {34} }}{{10}}\) (do α tù)

⇒ m = sin α – 2cos α = (sin α – cos α) – cos α = \(\frac{4}{5} + \frac{{4 + \sqrt {34} }}{{10}} = \frac{{12 + \sqrt {34} }}{{10}}\).