Câu hỏi:
16/11/2023 856
The ability to conduct electricity is one of the key properties of a metal. Other solid materials such as silicon can conduct electricity but only effectively at certain temperatures. Also, some substances such as salt (sodium chloride) can conduct when molten or when dissolved in water. The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond together. In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost electrons. This leaves the metal atoms with a positive charge and they are now strictly ions. The lost electrons are free to move in what is known as a sea of electrons. Since the electrons are negatively charged they attract the ions and this is what keeps the structure together.
An electric current is a flow of charge and since the electrons in the sea of electrons are free to move they can be made to flow in one direction when a source of electrical energy such as a battery is connected to the metal. Hence we have an electric current flowing through the wire, and this is what makes metals such good conductors of electricity. The only other common solid conducting material that pencil users are likely to encounter is graphite (what the „lead’ of a pencil is made from). Graphite is a form of carbon and again the carbon atoms bond in such a way that there is a sea of electrons that can be made to flow as an electric current. Likewise, if we have an ionic substance like salt we can make the electrically charged ions flow to create a current but only when those ions are free to move, either when the substance is a liquid or dissolved in water. In its solid state an ionic substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow.
Electrical insulators are substances that cannot conduct electricity well either, because they contain no charged particles or any charged particles they might contain do not flow easily. Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the molecule is neutral). However, most water we encounter does contain dissolved charged particles, so it will be more conductive than pure water. Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet hands result from the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it dissolves in the water to make it more conductive.
By Helena Gillespie and Rob Gillespie. Science for Primary School Teachers. OUP
According to the passage, a metal can conduct electricity due to ______.
The ability to conduct electricity is one of the key properties of a metal. Other solid materials such as silicon can conduct electricity but only effectively at certain temperatures. Also, some substances such as salt (sodium chloride) can conduct when molten or when dissolved in water. The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond together. In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost electrons. This leaves the metal atoms with a positive charge and they are now strictly ions. The lost electrons are free to move in what is known as a sea of electrons. Since the electrons are negatively charged they attract the ions and this is what keeps the structure together.
An electric current is a flow of charge and since the electrons in the sea of electrons are free to move they can be made to flow in one direction when a source of electrical energy such as a battery is connected to the metal. Hence we have an electric current flowing through the wire, and this is what makes metals such good conductors of electricity. The only other common solid conducting material that pencil users are likely to encounter is graphite (what the „lead’ of a pencil is made from). Graphite is a form of carbon and again the carbon atoms bond in such a way that there is a sea of electrons that can be made to flow as an electric current. Likewise, if we have an ionic substance like salt we can make the electrically charged ions flow to create a current but only when those ions are free to move, either when the substance is a liquid or dissolved in water. In its solid state an ionic substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow.
Electrical insulators are substances that cannot conduct electricity well either, because they contain no charged particles or any charged particles they might contain do not flow easily. Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the molecule is neutral). However, most water we encounter does contain dissolved charged particles, so it will be more conductive than pure water. Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet hands result from the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it dissolves in the water to make it more conductive.
By Helena Gillespie and Rob Gillespie. Science for Primary School Teachers. OUP
According to the passage, a metal can conduct electricity due to ______.
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Trả lời:
Giải bởi Vietjack
Đáp án A
Theo bài đọc, kim loại có thể dẫn điện là do
A. cách mà các phân tử kết hợp với nhau
B. sự thiếu các electron tự do
C. các nguyên tử của nó với cực dương
D. mất 1 electron trong nhân của nguyên tử
Dẫn chứng:The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond together.
Câu hỏi cùng đoạn
Câu 2:
The word “outermost” in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
The word “outermost” in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Từ “ outermost” ( lớp ngoài cùng) ở đoạn 1 gần như có nghĩa là
A.nặng nhất C. gần nhất so với bên trong
B. xa nhất từ bên trong D. nhẹ nhất
Dẫn chứng: In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost electrons.
Câu 3:
Salt in its solid state is not able to conduct electricity because ______.
Salt in its solid state is not able to conduct electricity because ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
Muối ở thể rắn không thể dẫn điện bởi vì
A.các ion mang điện của nó có thể chảy dễ dàng
B. nó không thể tạo ra ion mang điện
C. nó có các electron tự do
D. các ion mang điện của nó không tự do di chuyển
Dẫn chứng: In its solid state an ionic substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow.
Câu 4:
Water is a poor conductor because it contains ______.
Water is a poor conductor because it contains ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án B
Nước là chất dẫn điện kém bởi vì nó chứa
A.chỉ có điện tích dương
B. chỉ một lượng nhỏ các phân tử mang đầy điện
C. chỉ mang điện tích âm
D. không có điện tích âm hay điện tích dương
Dẫn chứng:Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the molecule is neutral).
Câu 5:
We can have problems when touching electrical devices with wet hands because ______.
We can have problems when touching electrical devices with wet hands because ______.
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án D
Chúng ta có thể gặp vấn đề khi chạm vào các dụng cụ điện với tay ướt bởi vì
A.bản thân nước là chất dẫn điện tốt
B. nước chứa quá nhiều các phân tử trung hòa
C. nước không chứa những phân tử mang điện làm cho nó dẫn điện tốt hơn.
D. nước hòa tan muối trên da chúng ta và trở nên có tính dẫn điện hơn.
Dẫn chứng: Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet hands result from the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it dissolves in the water to make it more conductive.
Câu 6:
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Câu nào không đúng theo như bài đọc?
A.Than chì là chất rắn phổ biến có thể dẫn điện.
B. Muối có thể dẫn điện khi nó nóng chảy hoặc hòa tan
C. Nước tinh khiết dẫn điện tốt hơn hầu hết nước mà chúng ta gặp phải mỗi ngày.
D. Một số chất dẫn điện tốt hơn những chất khác.
Dẫn chứng: Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the molecule is neutral).
Câu 7:
Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
Đáp án chính xác
Lời giải của GV VietJack
Đáp án C
Tiêu đề hay nhất cho bài đọc là?
A. Các chất cách điện
B. Năng lượng điện
C. Chất dẫn điện
D. Các thiết bị điện
Nhà sách VIETJACK:
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