Phân tích mỗi đa thức sau thành nhân tử:

d) \({x^3} + 2{x^2} + x - 16x{y^2}\).

b) \({x^2} - x - {y^2} + y\)

\( = \left( {{x^2} - {y^2}} \right) - \left( {x - y} \right)\)

\( = \left( {x - y} \right)\left( {x + y} \right) - \left( {x - y} \right)\)

\( = \left( {x - y} \right)\left( {x + y - 1} \right)\).

a) \(3{x^2} - \sqrt 3 x + \frac{1}{4}\)

\( = {\sqrt 3 ^2}.{x^2} - 2.\sqrt 3 x.\frac{1}{2} + {\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)^2}\)

\( = {\left( {\sqrt 3 x} \right)^2} - 2.\sqrt 3 x.\frac{1}{2} + {\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)^2}\)

\( = {\left( {\sqrt 3 x - \frac{1}{2}} \right)^2}\).