Giải các phương trình:

a) \(\frac{{10 - x}}{{51}} + \frac{{9 - x}}{{52}} + \frac{{8 - x}}{{53}} + 3 = 0\);                  

b) \(\frac{{2x + 5}}{{195}} + \frac{{2x + 7}}{{197}} = \frac{{2x}}{{95}}\).

a) \(\frac{{10 - x}}{{51}} + \frac{{9 - x}}{{52}} + \frac{{8 - x}}{{53}} + 3 = 0\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {\frac{{10 - x}}{{51}} + 1} \right) + \left( {\frac{{9 - x}}{{52}} + 1} \right) + \left( {\frac{{8 - x}}{{53}} + 1} \right) = 0\\\frac{{61 - x}}{{51}} + \frac{{61 - x}}{{52}} + \frac{{61 - x}}{{53}} = 0\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {61 - {\rm{x}}} \right)\left( {\frac{1}{{51}} + \frac{1}{{52}} + \frac{1}{{53}}} \right) = 0\\61 - {\rm{x}} = 0\left( {{\rm{\;v\`i \;}}\frac{1}{{51}} + \frac{1}{{52}} + \frac{1}{{53}} \ne 0} \right)\\{\rm{\;}}x = 61\end{array}\)

Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm là \(x = 61\).

\[\begin{array}{l}{\rm{b)\;}}\frac{{2x + 5}}{{195}} + \frac{{2x + 7}}{{197}} = \frac{{2x}}{{95}}\\\left( {\frac{{2x + 5}}{{195}} - 1} \right) + \left( {\frac{{2x + 7}}{{197}} - 1} \right) = \frac{{2x}}{{95}} - 2\\\frac{{2{\rm{x}} - 190}}{{195}} + \frac{{2{\rm{x}} - 190}}{{197}} = \frac{{2{\rm{x}} - 190}}{{95}}\\\left( {2x - 190} \right)\left( {\frac{1}{{195}} + \frac{1}{{197}} - \frac{1}{{95}}} \right) = 0\end{array}\]

\(\begin{array}{l}2x - 190 = 0\left( {{\rm{v\`i }}\frac{1}{{195}} + \frac{1}{{197}} - \frac{1}{{95}} \ne 0} \right)\\2x = 190\\x = 95\end{array}\)

Vạy \(S = \left\{ {95} \right\}\).