Tính giá trị các biểu thức sau:

a) \[A = \frac{{\frac{1}{{1 \cdot 300}} + \frac{1}{{2 \cdot 301}} + \frac{1}{{3 \cdot 302}} + ... + \frac{1}{{101 \cdot 400}}}}{{\frac{1}{{1 \cdot 102}} + \frac{1}{{2 \cdot 103}} + \frac{1}{{3 \cdot 104}} + ... + \frac{1}{{299 \cdot 400}}}}.\]

b) \[B = \frac{{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + ... + \frac{1}{{200}}}}{{\frac{1}{{199}} + \frac{2}{{198}} + \frac{3}{{197}} + ... + \frac{{198}}{2} + \frac{{199}}{1}}}.\]

Hướng dẫn giải

a) \[A = \frac{{\frac{1}{{1 \cdot 300}} + \frac{1}{{2 \cdot 301}} + \frac{1}{{3 \cdot 302}} + ... + \frac{1}{{101 \cdot 400}}}}{{\frac{1}{{1 \cdot 102}} + \frac{1}{{2 \cdot 103}} + \frac{1}{{3 \cdot 104}} + ... + \frac{1}{{299 \cdot 400}}}}.\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{{299}} \cdot \left( {\frac{{299}}{{1 \cdot 300}} + \frac{{299}}{{2 \cdot 301}} + \frac{{299}}{{3 \cdot 302}} + ... + \frac{{299}}{{101 \cdot 400}}} \right)}}{{\frac{1}{{101}} \cdot \left( {\frac{{101}}{{1 \cdot 102}} + \frac{{101}}{{2 \cdot 103}} + \frac{{101}}{{3 \cdot 104}} + ... + \frac{{101}}{{299 \cdot 400}}} \right)}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{{299}} \cdot \left( {1 - \frac{1}{{300}} + \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{{301}} + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{{302}}... + \frac{1}{{101}} - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}{{\frac{1}{{101}} \cdot \left( {1 - \frac{1}{{102}} + \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{{103}} + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{{104}}... + \frac{1}{{299}} - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{{299}} \cdot \left( {1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3}... + \frac{1}{{101}} - \frac{1}{{300}} - \frac{1}{{301}} - ... - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}{{\frac{1}{{101}} \cdot \left( {1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3}... + \frac{1}{{299}} - \frac{1}{{102}} - \frac{1}{{103}}... - \frac{1}{{299}} - \frac{1}{{300}}.... - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{{299}} \cdot \left( {1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + ... + \frac{1}{{101}} - \frac{1}{{300}} - ... - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}{{\frac{1}{{101}} \cdot \left( {1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + ... + \frac{1}{{101}} - \frac{1}{{300}} - ... - \frac{1}{{400}}} \right)}}\]\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{{299}}}}{{\frac{1}{{101}}}}\]\[ = \frac{{101}}{{299}}.\]

Vậy \[A = \frac{{101}}{{299}}.\]

b) \[B = \frac{{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + ... + \frac{1}{{200}}}}{{\frac{1}{{199}} + \frac{2}{{198}} + \frac{3}{{197}} + ... + \frac{{198}}{2} + \frac{{199}}{1}}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + ... + \frac{1}{{200}}}}{{\frac{1}{{199}} + 1 + \frac{2}{{198}} + 1 + \frac{3}{{197}} + 1 + ... + \frac{{198}}{2} + 1 + 1}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + ... + \frac{1}{{200}}}}{{\frac{{200}}{{199}} + \frac{{200}}{{198}} + \frac{{200}}{{197}} + ... + \frac{{200}}{2} + \frac{{200}}{{200}}}}\]

\[ = \frac{{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{4} + ... + \frac{1}{{200}}}}{{200 \cdot \left( {\frac{1}{{199}} + \frac{1}{{198}} + \frac{1}{{197}} + ... + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{{200}}} \right)}}\]\[ = \frac{1}{{200}}.\]

Vậy \[B = \frac{1}{{200}}.\]