Cho a + b = 1 và ab ≠ 0. Chứng minh \(\frac{a}{{{b^3} - 1}} + \frac{b}{{{a^3} - 1}} = \frac{{2.\left( {ab - 2} \right)}}{{{a^2}{b^2} + 3}}\).

Lời giải

Với a + b = 1 và ab ≠ 0 ta có:

\[\frac{a}{{{b^3} - 1}} + \frac{b}{{{a^3} - 1}} = \frac{{a\left( {{a^3} - 1} \right) + b\left( {{b^3} - 1} \right)}}{{\left( {{a^3} - 1} \right).\left( {{b^3} - 1} \right)}} = \frac{{{a^4} + {b^4} - \left( {a + b} \right)}}{{{a^3}{b^3} - \left( {{a^3} + {b^3}} \right) + 1}}\]

\( = \frac{{\left( {{a^4} + 2{a^2}{b^2} + {b^4} - 2{a^2}{b^2}} \right) - 1}}{{{a^3}{b^3} - \left[ {{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^3} - 3ab\left( {a + b} \right)} \right] + 1}} = \frac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right)}^2} - 2{a^2}{b^2} - 1}}{{{a^3}{b^3} - 1 + 3ab + 1}}\)

\[ = \frac{{{{\left[ {{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2} - 2ab} \right]}^2} - 2{a^2}{b^2} - 1}}{{{a^3}{b^3} + 3ab}} = \frac{{1 - 4ab + 4{a^2}{b^2} - 2{a^2}{b^2} - 1}}{{ab\left( {{a^2}{b^2} + 3} \right)}}\]

\( = \frac{{2{a^2}{b^2} - 4ab}}{{ab\left( {{a^2}{b^2} + 3} \right)}} = \frac{{2ab\left( {ab - 2} \right)}}{{ab\left( {{a^2}{b^2} + 3} \right)}} = \frac{{2\left( {ab - 2} \right)}}{{{a^2}{b^2} + 3}}\).