Tính:

a) sin(– 675°);

b) \(\tan \frac{{15\pi }}{4}\).

Lời giải:

a) Vì 0 < α < \(\frac{\pi }{2}\) nên sin α > 0. Mặt khác, từ sin² α + cos² α = 1 suy ra

\(\sin \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } = \sqrt {1 - {{\left( {\frac{1}{5}} \right)}^2}} = \frac{{2\sqrt 6 }}{5}\).

Do đó, \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{{2\sqrt 6 }}{5}}}{{\frac{1}{5}}} = 2\sqrt 6 \) và \(\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{2\sqrt 6 }} = \frac{{\sqrt 6 }}{{12}}\).

b) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \alpha < \pi \) nên cos α < 0. Mặt khác, từ sin² α + cos² α = 1 suy ra

\(\cos \alpha = - \sqrt {1 - {{\sin }^2}\alpha } = - \sqrt {1 - {{\left( {\frac{2}{3}} \right)}^2}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}\).

Do đó, \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{2}{3}}}{{ - \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}}} = - \frac{2}{{\sqrt 5 }} = - \frac{{2\sqrt 5 }}{5}\) và \(\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{ - \frac{{2\sqrt 5 }}{5}}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2}\).

c) Ta có: \(\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 5 }} = \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{5}\).

Vì \(\pi < \alpha < \frac{{3\pi }}{2}\) nên cos α < 0. Mặt khác, từ \(1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\) suy ra

\(\cos \alpha = - \sqrt {\frac{1}{{1 + {{\tan }^2}\alpha }}} = - \sqrt {\frac{1}{{1 + {{\left( {\sqrt 5 } \right)}^2}}}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 6 }}{6}\).

Mà \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \tan \alpha .\cot \alpha = \sqrt 5 .\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 6 }}{6}} \right) = - \frac{{\sqrt {30} }}{6}\).

d) Ta có: \(\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{{\cot \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{ - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}}} = - \sqrt 2 \).

Vì \(\frac{{3\pi }}{2} < \alpha < 2\pi \) nên cos α > 0. Mặt khác, từ \(1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\) suy ra

\(\cos \alpha = \sqrt {\frac{1}{{1 + {{\tan }^2}\alpha }}} = \sqrt {\frac{1}{{1 + {{\left( { - \sqrt 2 } \right)}^2}}}} = \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}\).

Mà \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \tan \alpha .\cot \alpha = - \sqrt 2 .\left( {\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}} \right) = - \frac{{\sqrt 6 }}{3}\).