Tìm đa thức M biết M – 5x² + xyz = xy + 2x² – 3xyz + 5.

Ta có:

• P + Q = (x²y + x³ – xy² + 3) + (x³ + xy² – xy – 6)

= x²y + x³ – xy² + 3 + x³ + xy² – xy – 6

= x²y + (x³ + x³) + (xy² – xy²) – xy + (3 – 6)

= x²y + 2x³ – xy – 3.

• P – Q = (x²y + x³ – xy² + 3) – (x³ + xy² – xy – 6)

= x²y + x³ – xy² + 3 – x³ – xy² + xy + 6

= x²y + (x³ – x³)  – (xy² + xy²) + xy + (6 + 3)

= x²y – 2xy² + xy + 9.

Vậy P + Q = x²y + 2x³ – xy – 3; P – Q = x²y – 2xy² + xy + 9.

a) Ta có:

• A + B = (2x²y + 3xyz – 2x + 5) + (3xyz – 2x²y + x – 4)

= 2x²y + 3xyz – 2x + 5 + 3xyz – 2x²y + x – 4

= (2x²y – 2x²y) + (3xyz + 3xyz) + (x – 2x) + (5 – 4)

= 6xyz – x + 1.

• A – B = (2x²y + 3xyz – 2x + 5) – (3xyz – 2x²y + x – 4)

= 2x²y + 3xyz – 2x + 5 – 3xyz + 2x²y – x + 4

= (2x²y + 2x²y) + (3xyz – 3xyz) – (2x + x) + (5 + 4)

= 4x²y – 3x + 9.

Vậy A + B = 6xyz – x + 1; A – B = 4x²y – 3x + 9.