Cho hình thoi \(ABCD\) có cạnh bằng 2 và góc \(B\) bằng ${60}^{°}$. Khi đó:

a) $(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC})={60}^{°}$

b) $(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{DA})={30}^{°}$

c) \(\overrightarrow {DA}  \cdot \overrightarrow {DC}  = 3\)

d) \(\overrightarrow {OB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {BA}  =  - 3\)

a) Ta có: $\overrightarrow{AB}\cdot \overrightarrow{AC}=AB\cdot AC\cdot \cos A=4\sqrt{2}\cdot 6\cdot \cos {45}^{°}=24$

b) Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {BC}  = \overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AB} ,\overrightarrow {AD}  = \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} \).

Khi đó:

\(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{{{\overrightarrow {BC} }^2}}&{ = {{(\overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AB} )}^2} = {{\overrightarrow {AC} }^2} - 2\overrightarrow {AC}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AB}  + {{\overrightarrow {AB} }^2} = {6^2} - 2 \cdot 24 + {{(4\sqrt 2 )}^2} = 20}\\{}&{ \Rightarrow BC = 2\sqrt 5 .}\\{{{\overrightarrow {AD} }^2}}&{ = {{\left( {\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} } \right)}^2} = \frac{1}{4}\left( {{{\overrightarrow {AB} }^2} + 2\overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AC}  + {{\overrightarrow {AC} }^2}} \right)}\\{}&{ = \frac{1}{4}\left[ {{{(4\sqrt 2 )}^2} + 2 \cdot 24 + {6^2}} \right] = 29 \Rightarrow AD = \sqrt {29} .}\end{array}\)

c) Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {BE}  = \overrightarrow {AE}  - \overrightarrow {AB}  = k\overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AB} \). Từ đó, ta có:

\(\overrightarrow {AD}  \cdot \overrightarrow {BE}  = \frac{1}{2}(\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {AC} ) \cdot (k\overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AB} )\)

\(\begin{array}{l} = \frac{1}{2}\left( {k\overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AC}  + k{{\overrightarrow {AC} }^2} - {{\overrightarrow {AB} }^2} - \overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AC} } \right) = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {24k + {6^2} \cdot k - {{(4\sqrt 2 )}^2} - 24} \right]\\ = 30k - 28.\end{array}\)

Khi đó \(AD \bot BE \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {AD}  \cdot \overrightarrow {BE}  = 0 \Leftrightarrow 30k - 28 = 0 \Leftrightarrow k = \frac{{14}}{{15}}\).

Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AE}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BE}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {BC}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AD} \).

\(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow {AF}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BF}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {BD}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}(\overrightarrow {AD}  - \overrightarrow {AB} ) = \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} .\\\overrightarrow {EF}  = \overrightarrow {AF}  - \overrightarrow {AE}  = \left( {\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right) - \left( {\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right) = \frac{{ - 3}}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} .\end{array}\)

Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AF}  \cdot \overrightarrow {EF}  = \left( {\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right) \cdot \left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right)\)

\( = \frac{{ - 3}}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} - \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AD}  + \frac{3}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AD} ^2} = 0 \Rightarrow AF \bot EF{\rm{. }}\)

Ta có: \({\overrightarrow {AF} ^2} = {\left( {\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right)^2} = \frac{1}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} + \frac{3}{8}\overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AD}  + \frac{9}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AD} ^2} = \frac{5}{8}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2}\).

\({\overrightarrow {EF} ^2} = {\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{4}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AD} } \right)^2} = \frac{9}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} - \frac{3}{8}\overrightarrow {AB}  \cdot \overrightarrow {AD}  + \frac{1}{{16}}{\overrightarrow {AD} ^2} = \frac{5}{8}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2}.\)

\( \Rightarrow A{F^2} = E{F^2} = \frac{5}{8}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} \Rightarrow AF = EF\). Vậy tam giác \(AEF\) vuông cân tại \(F\).

Chú ý: Ta có thể chứng minh tam giác \(AEF\) vuông bằng định lí Pythagore.