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Câu hỏi:

28/04/2026 81 Lưu

Chứng minh đẳng thức:

a). \[\frac{{\sqrt a }}{{\sqrt a  - \sqrt b }} - \frac{{\sqrt b }}{{\sqrt a  + \sqrt b }} - \frac{{2b}}{{a - b}} = 1{\rm{ (a}} \ge {\rm{0}}{\rm{,b}} \ge {\rm{0}}{\rm{,a}} \ne {\rm{0);}}\]

b). \[\frac{{a\sqrt b  + b}}{{a - b}}\sqrt {\frac{{ab + {b^2} - 2\sqrt {a{b^2}} }}{{a\left( {a + 2\sqrt b } \right) + b}}} \left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right) = b{\rm{  }}\left( {a > b > 0} \right)\]

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Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

a). Ta có \[\frac{{\sqrt a }}{{\sqrt a  - \sqrt b }} - \frac{{\sqrt b }}{{\sqrt a  + \sqrt b }} - \frac{{2b}}{{a - b}}{\rm{   (a}} \ge {\rm{0}}{\rm{,b}} \ge {\rm{0}}{\rm{,a}} \ne {\rm{0);}}\]

\[\begin{array}{l}{\rm{ = }}\frac{{\sqrt a \left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right) - \sqrt b \left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right).\left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right)}} - \frac{{2b}}{{a - b}}\\ = \frac{{a + \sqrt {ab}  - \sqrt {ab}  + b}}{{a - b}} - \frac{{2b}}{{a - b}}\end{array}\]

\[ = \frac{{a - b}}{{a - b}} = 1\]

b). Ta có \[\frac{{a\sqrt b  + b}}{{a - b}}\sqrt {\frac{{ab + {b^2} - 2\sqrt {a{b^3}} }}{{a\left( {a + 2\sqrt b } \right) + b}}} \left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right){\rm{  }}\left( {a > b > 0} \right)\]

\[\begin{array}{l} = \frac{{\sqrt b \left( {a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right).\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}}\sqrt {\frac{{b\left( {a + b - 2\sqrt {ab} } \right)}}{{{a^2} + 2a\sqrt b  + b}}} \left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right)\\ = \frac{{\sqrt b \left( {a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}}.\sqrt {\frac{{b{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}^2}}}{{{{\left( {a + \sqrt b } \right)}^2}}}} \\ = \frac{{\sqrt b \left( {a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}}.\frac{{\sqrt b \left( {a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}} = b\end{array}\]

CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Lời giải

a) Ta có \(\sqrt {50}  - \sqrt {32}  + 3\sqrt 8  = \sqrt {25.2}  - \sqrt {16.2}  + 3\sqrt {4.2}  = 5\sqrt 2  - 4\sqrt 2  + 3.2.\sqrt 2  = 7\sqrt 2 \).

b) \(\sqrt {25a}  + 2\sqrt {160a}  - 3\sqrt {10a}  = \sqrt {25.10a}  + 2.\sqrt {16.10a}  - 3\sqrt {10a} \)

\( = 5\sqrt {10a}  + 2.4.\sqrt {10a}  - 3\sqrt {10a}  = 10\sqrt {10a} \).

c) \(\left( {2\sqrt 7  + \sqrt 3 } \right)\sqrt 7  - \sqrt {84}  = 2\sqrt 7 .\sqrt 7  + \sqrt 3 .\sqrt 7  - \sqrt {4.21} \)

\( = 2.7 + \sqrt {21}  - 2\sqrt {21}  = 14 - \sqrt {21} \).

d) \(\left( {\sqrt {63}  - \sqrt 8  - \sqrt 7 } \right)\sqrt 7  + 2\sqrt {14}  = \sqrt {63} .\sqrt 7  - \sqrt 8 .\sqrt 7  - \sqrt 7 .\sqrt 7  + 2\sqrt {14} \)

\( = \sqrt {9.7.7}  - 2\sqrt 2 .\sqrt 7  - 7 + 2\sqrt {14}  = 3.7 - 2\sqrt {14}  - 7 + 2\sqrt {14}  = 14\).

Lời giải

a). Với \(a \ge 0\), ta có: \(3\sqrt {2a}  - \sqrt {18{a^3}}  + 4\sqrt {\frac{a}{2}}  - \frac{1}{4}\sqrt {128a} \)

\( = 3\sqrt {2a}  - 3a\sqrt {2a}  + 2\sqrt {2a}  - 2\sqrt {2a} \)

\( = 3\sqrt {2a}  - 3a\sqrt {2a}  = 3\left( {1 - a} \right)\sqrt {2a} .\)

b). Với \(x > y > 0\), ta có: \(2y\sqrt {x - y}  + x\sqrt {\frac{1}{{x - y}}}  - x\sqrt {\frac{a}{{ax - ay}}}  - \sqrt {{x^3} - {x^2}y} \)

\( = 2y\sqrt {x - y}  + x\sqrt {\frac{1}{{x - y}}}  - x\sqrt {\frac{a}{{a\left( {x - y} \right)}}}  - \sqrt {{x^2}\left( {x - y} \right)} \)

\( = 2y\sqrt {x - y}  - \left| x \right|\sqrt {x - y}  + x\sqrt {\frac{1}{{x - y}}}  - x\sqrt {\frac{1}{{x - y}}} \)

\( = \sqrt {x - y} \left( {2y - x} \right)\) (do \(x > 0\)).

c). Với \(a \ge 0,b \ge 0,a \ne b\), ta có:
\(\frac{{\sqrt a  + \sqrt b }}{{\sqrt a  - \sqrt b }} + \frac{{\sqrt a  - \sqrt b }}{{\sqrt a  + \sqrt b }} = \frac{{{{\left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right)}^2} + {{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)\left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right)}}\)

\( = \frac{{a + 2\sqrt {ab}  + b + a - 2\sqrt {ab}  + b}}{{\left( {\sqrt a  - \sqrt b } \right)\left( {\sqrt a  + \sqrt b } \right)}} = \frac{{2a + 2b}}{{a - b}}\).